{"id":654,"date":"2020-09-29T15:46:18","date_gmt":"2020-09-29T13:46:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mivegec.fr\/?page_id=654"},"modified":"2025-06-05T16:26:14","modified_gmt":"2025-06-05T14:26:14","slug":"seminaires","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/mivegec.fr\/fr\/seminaires","title":{"rendered":"S\u00e9minaires"},"content":{"rendered":"

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[\/et_pb_fullwidth_post_title][et_pb_fullwidth_code admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbFil d’ariane\u00a0\u00bb module_id=\u00a0\u00bbbreadcrumb\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.24.0″ vertical_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_module=\u00a0\u00bb1485″ saved_tabs=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]Accueil<\/a><\/span><\/span>[\/et_pb_fullwidth_code][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ background_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb background_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop_left\u00a0\u00bb background_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ vertical_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Les s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC (Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs : Ecologie, G\u00e9n\u00e9tique, Evolution et Contr\u00f4le) proposent un programme de conf\u00e9rences hebdomadaires ou toutes les deux semaines dans les th\u00e9matiques de l’unit\u00e9. Les s\u00e9minaires ont lieu le jeudi<\/span><\/span> \u00e0 11h.<\/div>\n
Le comit\u00e9 d’organisation des s\u00e9minaires est compos\u00e9 de doctorants de 1\u00e8re ann\u00e9e et est renouvel\u00e9 chaque ann\u00e9e.<\/div>\n
Pour 2025, ce comit\u00e9 est compos\u00e9 de Klara Asselin<\/a> , Emeline Esnouf<\/a> , Miceala Muller<\/a> et Norman Schneider<\/a>.<\/div>\n
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La programmation des s\u00e9minaires se fait sur le principe du volontariat et tout agent de MIVEGEC peut contacter l’\u00e9quipe organisatrice afin de lui proposer un th\u00e8me de conf\u00e9rence ainsi qu’un ou plusieurs conf\u00e9renciers.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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Nous souhaitons mettre en avant les travaux r\u00e9alis\u00e9s par les diff\u00e9rents membres de l’unit\u00e9, faire conna\u00eetre les nouveaux arrivants (chercheurs, ITAs, post-doc, doctorants et m\u00eame stagiaires) mais \u00e9galement inviter des chercheurs ext\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 l’unit\u00e9 et travaillant sur les m\u00eames th\u00e9matiques dans le but de diversifier les approches.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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– S\u00e9minaire 13\/06\/25 \u00e0 14h00<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u00e9minaire MIVEGEC DS3 .<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

C\u00e9dric Pennetier DS3<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Hello everyone,<\/p>\n

We are pleased to announce the third MiVEGEC seminar of 2025, organized with the help of C\u00e9dric PENNETIER from DS3.<\/p>\n

It will take place in person in the Amphith\u00e9\u00e2tre des Plantes and will also be accessible via video conference.<\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : seminaire.mivegec@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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– S\u00e9minaire 22\/05\/25 \u00e0 14h00<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

Drug resistance evolution in HIV, E.coli<\/em> and P.falciparum . <\/em>Find the differences.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Professor Pleuni Pennigs
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We are very pleased to announce an exceptional MiVEGEC seminar<\/strong> that will take place in person in the Amphith\u00e9\u00e2tre des Plantes and will also be accessible via videoconference<\/p>\n

(zoom link : https:\/\/umontpellier-fr.zoom.us\/j\/93228982429<\/a>).<\/p>\n

We are honored to welcome Professor\u00a0Pleuni Pennings<\/strong>, from San Francisco State University and currently hosted at ISEM, for a special presentation. Professor Pennings is internationally recognized for her work at the interface of evolutionary biology, population genetics, and infectious disease dynamics.<\/p>\n

Abstract:<\/p>\n

Drug resistance is a well-known problem in many pathogens. I am interested in comparing the evolutionary dynamics of resistance in different pathogens. Here are some of the questions I try to answer:<\/p>\n

In HIV, resistance to Lamivudine has evolved many thousands of times. Why is this drug still useful in 99% of new patients?<\/p>\n

In African\u00a0Plasmodium falciparum<\/em>, resistance to chloroquine is thought to have originated only once. How did this one resistance allele spread across the entire continent?<\/p>\n

I will share new results on E. coli and HIV and show how publicly available data and population genetic methods can help us understand what is happening and how we can fight resistance.<\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : seminaire.mivegec@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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– S\u00e9minaire 04\/04\/25 \u00e0 14h00<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bioinformatics : from the cell to the ecosystem<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Co-organis\u00e9 avec DS2<\/strong><\/p>\n

Programme
<\/strong><\/p>\n

13:45 – 14:00 Accueil et caf\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\n

14:00 – 14:30<\/strong> – Birdlin Barckmann<\/strong> (DS2 – \u00e9quipe BioGEPPE)<\/p>\n

Stranded short nascent strand sequencing reveals the topology of DNA replication origins in Trypanosoma brucei<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract:<\/p>\n

The universal features that define genomic regions acting as replication origins remain unclear. We used stranded short nascent strand sequencing to map origins in\u00a0Trypanosoma brucei<\/em>. While conventional SNS sequencing lacks strand information, limiting resolution, stranded SNS sequencing allowed for more sensitive and spatially precise bioinformatic mapping of replication origins. Our analysis revealed that replication initiates predominantly in intergenic regions enriched for poly(dA) and poly(dT) sequences, with G4 structures showing distinct strand-specific organization. By integrating nucleosome profiling and R-loop datasets, we identified key features associated with replication origins. The strand-aware sequencing approach enabled us to gain deeper insights into the structural organization of replication origins, by enhancing both the specificity and spatial resolution of the analysis<\/p>\n

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14:30 <\/strong>– Maxime MAHOUT<\/strong> (DS1, \u00e9quipe EVCO)<\/p>\n

Wolbachia<\/span><\/b><\/em>\u00a0metapangenomics of individual\u00a0Culex<\/span><\/em>\u00a0mosquitoes reveal shared phage rearrangements across large geographic distances<\/span><\/o:p><\/b><\/p>\n

Abstract:<\/p>\n

Wolbachia<\/span><\/em>\u00a0is an endosymbiotic bacterium of the order\u00a0Rickettsiales<\/span><\/em>\u00a0living inside the cells of around 50% of all arthropods, of particular interest for mosquito vector control strategies.\u00a0Wolbachia<\/span><\/em>\u00a0can influence pathogen transmission and confer mosquitoes manipulative reproduction phenotypes including cytoplasmic incompatibility through key genes of its prophage WO. In addition to phage WO, the\u00a0Wolbachia<\/span><\/em>\u00a0mobilome of\u00a0Culex<\/span><\/em>\u00a0species comprises a highly conserved and likely beneficial plasmid pWCP. However, despite its importance, little is known about the dynamics of the mobilome in\u00a0Wolbachia<\/span><\/em>\u00a0of\u00a0Culex<\/span><\/em>\u00a0populations across large geographic distances.\u00a0Here, we used state-of-the-art assembly, binning and metapangenomic approaches to study the ecology and genetic diversity of\u00a0Wolbachia<\/span><\/em>\u00a0from 36\u00a0Culex<\/span><\/em>\u00a0quinquefasciatus<\/span><\/em>\u00a0mosquitoes collected in Mexico, New Caledonia and La Reunion. Metapangenomics, hereby defined as the conjoint study of the pangenomic information and the genomic environmental information, enabled a well-curated and refined analysis of the bioinformatics assembly results in comparison to reference genomes. This coupled analysis of the functional genome and the raw read data confirmed the widespread presence of pWCP plasmid worldwide including in Indian and Pacific Ocean islands. In addition, groups of contiguous genes belonging to specific WO prophage regions were found to be differentially present among sampled localities, with genomic regions shared by all samples in some localities but only by few specimens in other localities. Further bioinformatics and modelling analyses will be performed to confirm the nature of these phage rearrangements at large scale.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

15:00<\/strong> – Coffee breack<\/strong><\/p>\n

15:15 – H\u00e9l\u00e9ne Broutin, C\u00e9cile Cassan, Marie Buysse et Florence Droguet – Mivegec 1Point 5 GT, Equit\u00e9 , GEAI<\/strong><\/p>\n

Science ensemble :\u00a0 l’apport des GT au fonctionnement interne de l’unit\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\n

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15h30 – Johannes Bagnoli <\/strong>(DS3, \u00e9quipe TRIAD)<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

Track your Parasites: Using spatial transcriptomics to decipher local expression responses to\u00a0Plasmodium<\/span><\/em>\u00a0infection in tissues<\/span><\/b><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Abstract :<\/p>\n

Spatial transcriptomics hold great promise to decipher the remaining challenges in understanding the complex interactions between cells such as in understanding tumour microenvironments and intra tumour heterogeneity. In addition, its application on parasite host interactions could yield new insights and further facilitate new treatments and prevention strategies.\u00a0For example, while the major stages of infection primarily involve infection of erythrocytes, different\u00a0Plasmodium<\/span><\/em>\u00a0species can infiltrate tissues either by infecting other cell types or by the sequestration of infected erythrocytes within a tissue.\u00a0In humans, such sequestration events can happen in the intervillous space of the placenta during pregnancy, leading to dire consequences for both the mother and the fetus. Using spatial transcriptomics on placental tissue samples of infected and not infected placentas at term we were able to identify global and local response patterns to infection and sequestration.\u00a0\u00a0With further developments in sensitivity and resolution as well as adequate analysis workflows, spatial transcriptomics show great potential to deepen our knowledge not only for human malaria but also for other\u00a0Plasmodium<\/span><\/em>\u00a0host interactions.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

16:00 – Jacques Dainat <\/strong>(DS4 – \u00e9quipe PEV)<\/strong><\/p>\n

FAIR et reFAIR, the need for transparent science !<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract :<\/p>\n

This presentation will explore how reproducibility, the FAIR principles, and open science practices, supported by robust computing infrastructures, play a key role in producing high-quality, impactful analyses. We will discuss how these elements strengthen the bioinformatics ecosystem and how adopting best practices enhances reproducibility, collaboration, and efficiency in research.Wooclap<\/strong><\/p>\n

17:00 – Ap\u00e9ritif at the IRD cantine<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : seminaire.mivegec@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb6px|||||\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

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<\/strong>– S\u00e9minaire 07\/03\/25 \u00e0 14h00<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

Pollution plastique et maladies infectieuses<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Co-organis\u00e9 avec DS1<\/strong><\/p>\n

Programme :
<\/strong><\/p>\n

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14:00 – 14:30<\/strong> – Karen McCOY<\/strong> (DS1 – \u00e9quipe EVCO)<\/p>\n

Anthropogenic food subsidies, plastic exposure and the circulation of parasites and pathogens in Mediterranean Yellow-legged gulls (Larus michahellis)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract:<\/p>\n

The world generates 2.01 billion tonnes of waste annually, of which a large proportion end up in landfills. This waste represents a predictable food source for many opportunistic species, but can result in high exposure to plastics and other potentially toxic substances. By attracting animals to urbanised areas, these subsidies can also contribute to the establishment of new human-wildlife conflicts, including the spread of pathogens between animal and human populations. Here, I will present some of the work that we have been doing in the framework of ongoing projects on the use of anthropogenic food subsidies by Yellow-legged gulls and what this means for individual fitness, movement behaviour and species distributions. I will end with a discussion on the expected effects of these changes for parasite and pathogen transmission, both in terms of regional biodiversity and for the epidemiology of zoonotic disease.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

14:40 <\/strong>– M\u00e9ril Massol<\/strong> (Unit\u00e9 CEFE, \u00e9quipe GEE)<\/p>\n

Microplastic pollution in oceans: consequences of the uninvited guests on microbial communities<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Abstract:<\/p>\n

Microplastics are widespread oceanic pollutants, rapidly colonized by microbial biofilms. Studying these artificial microcosms is crucial for understanding their impacts on marine ecosystems, particularly as potential vectors for pathogens and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. We investigated the composition of biofilms on microplastics, analyzing variations across sites, seasons, and polymer types. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS) particles were incubated for a month at three Mediterranean locations: an aquaculture area, a harbor, and a marine reserve. Shotgun metagenomics were used on 119 samples to identify bacterial taxa and AMR gene content through read-based and assembly-based profiling. Preliminary results show location-dependent differences in AMR gene presence and diversity, with more AMR genes on microparticles than in surrounding waters. Using Vibrio anguillarum as a model pathogen, we studied intraspecific variation in attachment rates to different microplastics and the impact of pre-existing biofilms formed by marine communities. Flow cytometry and microscopy revealed diverse attachment phenotypes on sterile PET, PP, and PS microparticles among sixteen V. anguillarum strains, suggesting a phylogenetic signal and potential genetic determinant implications. Three V. anguillarum strains were tested on microplastics colonized by natural marine communities from the three locations and on sterile microplastics. Results showed interactions between polymer type and strains affecting attachment phenotypes. Our results show that microplastics can carry both pathogenic and resistant bacteria, and plastic polymers influence greatly the rate of attachment of bacteria. The level of risk presented by microplastics as pathogen and resistance vectors will thus be a complex and multifaceted task.<\/p>\n

15:30<\/strong> – Olivier Roux<\/strong> (DS1 – \u00e9quipe DEEVA)<\/p>\n

Mosquito \u2013 Microplastic interaction: a threat to public health ?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Microplastic pollution and mosquitoes are two major public health concerns. Recent studies suggest that interactions between microplastics and mosquitoes could collectively increase their impact on public health issues, but this possibility remains to be demonstrated. At MiVEGEC, we have been investigating this interaction for just one year. We are only beginning to explore the field, assess the scope of the work ahead, and identify the challenges involved. Here, I will introduce the broader issue and share our first findings.<\/p>\n

16:10 – Claire Loiseau <\/strong>(DS1 – \u00e9quipe EVCO)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Microplastics \u2013 Mosquitoes interactions: implementation of an interdisciplinary approach<\/strong><\/p>\n

Plastic pollution constitutes a major environmental challenge that necessitates a multidimensional approach to fully apprehend its complexity. Initially designed as a multidisciplinary project integrating ecology, chemistry, and physics, this research initiative\u2014focusing on the interactions between microplastics and mosquitoes\u2014has progressively transitioned towards true interdisciplinarity. The incorporation of the social sciences and humanities has broadened the analytical scope by considering human perceptions and socio-environmental dynamics associated with plastic pollution and its repercussions. Furthermore, the project actively contributes to the dialogue between science and society through the development of an educational toolkit for schools and the implementation of an Arts and Sciences initiative aimed at engaging both the general public and students in the life sciences and social sciences. This methodological shift, from a multidisciplinary to an interdisciplinary approach, raises fundamental questions about how disciplines interact and transform through their mutual influence. It paves the way for a more comprehensive and shared understanding of pollution-related issues.<\/p>\n

Diffusion of the movie \u00ab\u00a0Arts et Sciences CULEX\u00a0\u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n

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17:00 – <\/strong>C\u00e9cile CASSAN & Marie BUYSSE<\/strong><\/p>\n

MiVEGEC 1.5 group<\/strong><\/p>\n

Results of the \u00ab\u00a0Greenstorming\u00a0\u00bb project and presentation of awareness-raising tools<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Bient\u00f4t la vid\u00e9o ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : seminaire.mivegec@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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– S\u00e9minaire 18\/02\/25 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

Seroprevalence of SFTS and Zika Viruses in Humans, Molecular Detecttion in Ticks, and One Health Challenges of Zoonotic Diseases in Southeast Asia
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Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par Sineewanlaya Wichit
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Emerging zoonotic viral diseases represent a growing threat to global health and economies, with Southeast Asia (SEA) identified as a high-risk region due to its complex socio-environmental dynamics. Factors such as rapid urbanization, deforestation, climate chnage, and population growth increase the likehood of zoonotic disease outbreaks by disrupting ecosystems and intensifying human-animal interactions. A study focused on Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus (SFTSV) in Thailand, a tick-borne pathogen with a high mortality rate. Researchers conducted a seroprevalence analysis among human populations in Bangkok and Nong Khai provinces, revealing a 1.1% seropositivity rate. Despite this, no neutralizing antibodies were detected, and molecular testing of Rhipicephalus sanguineus<\/span><\/i> ticks collected from dogs found no SFTSV RNA. These results indicate the potential for cross-reactivity with other pathogens and underscore the need for further studies to understand the virus\u2019s transmission dynamics and its role in zoonotic disease spread. The study is particularly significant as it provides the first insights into SFTSV seroprevalence in Thailand, highlighting gaps in surveillance and the importance of monitoring tick-borne diseases in both human and animal populations. A broader perspective on zoonotic viral diseases across SEA, emphasizing the interconnected drivers that fuel their emergence. Diseases such as SARS-CoV, H5N1, Zika, and Chikungunya have caused significant public health and economic disruptions in the region. Environmental factors, including deforestation, agriculture expansion, and climate change, create conditions that facilitate the spillover of pathogens from animals humans. Global travel and trade further accelerate the spread of these diseases, while urnanization and high population density increase the likelihood of large-scale outbreaks. The review advocates for the \u00ab\u00a0One Health\u00a0\u00bb approach, which integrates human, animal, and environmental health to address the root causes of zoonotic disease emergence. It highlights the need for multidisciplinary collaboration, improved surveillance systems, and sustainable practices to mitigate the risks posed by zoonotic diseases. Together, these studies underscore the urgency of adopting proactive and integrative strategies to address the challenges of zoonotic diseaes in SEA. The findings emphasize the importance of enhancing surveillance, improving public health infrastructure, and fostering cross-sectoral collaboration. By bridging the knowledge gaps between local studies and regional frameworks, these insights contribute to building resilience against future outbreaks and advancing global health security.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Bient\u00f4t la vid\u00e9o ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : seminaire.mivegec@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/strong> – S\u00e9minaire 18\/12\/24 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

Rethinking Parasites Under Heatwaves: The Hidden Role of \u00ab\u00a0Off-Host\u00a0\u00bb Stages<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par Justine Boutry
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R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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When we think about parasites, we often focus on their time inside a host. But what happens during their ‘off-host’ phase? Our research delves into this black box by investigating how heat waves – a growing reality of climate change – affect the spores of Pasteuria ramosa<\/em>, a bacterial parasite of Daphnia magna<\/em>.
We exposed parasite spores, long thought to be inert to environmental stress, to rising temperatures (20\u00b0C, 30\u00b0C, 40\u00b0C) and found that heatwaves disrupted early infection stages regardless of genotype. While spore production remained resilient, these damaged parasites altered their interactions with hosts. Some strains increased castration rates at high temperatures, while others failed to castrate effectively. Even uninfected hosts showed improved survival when exposed to heat-stressed spores.
This study sheds new light on the neglected direct environmental effect on ‘off-host’ phase and shows how a parasite’s past heat waves can reshape parasite life cycles and host-parasite dynamics in a keystone species.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Bient\u00f4t la vid\u00e9o ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : seminaire.mivegec@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/strong> – S\u00e9minaire 13\/12\/24 \u00e0 14h00<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

Th\u00e9matique : Transmission
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Co-organis\u00e9 par Julien Pompon du DS5
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Programme :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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13:45 – 14:00<\/strong> Accueil et caf\u00e9<\/p>\n

14:00 – 14:30<\/strong> – Thierry Lef\u00e8vre<\/strong> (DS3 – \u00e9quipe TRIAD, CNRS)<\/p>\n

The role of biotic factors in modulating the transmission potential of Plasmodium falciparum by Anopheles mosquitoes<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract: Interactions between Anopheles vectors and human malaria parasites are not only of fundamental biological interest but also hold key insights for innovative disease control strategies. While the genetic and molecular determinants of mosquito ability to support Plasmodium falciparum<\/em> development have been extensively studied, the influence of environmental factors remains underexplored. This presentation highlights some of our past research on how biotic factors, including larval and adult diets, maternal infection history, or mosquito age shape mosquito-Plasmodium interactions. I will also discuss the evolutionary and epidemiological implications of these findings.<\/p>\n

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14:30 – 15:00<\/strong> – Justine Boutry<\/strong> (DS1 – \u00e9quipe CREEC, PostDoc)<\/p>\n

Hydra oligactis<\/em><\/strong> et le myst\u00e8re des tumeurs transmissibles : de leur origine \u00e0 leur propagation<\/strong><\/p>\n

15:00 – 15:05<\/strong>\u00a0 – GT Mivegec 1point5 – <\/strong>Minute verte<\/p>\n

15:05 – 15:30<\/strong> \u2615 PAUSE CAFE \u2615<\/p>\n

15:30 – 16:00<\/strong>\u00a0 – Anna Cohuet<\/strong> (DS3 – \u00e9quipe TRIAD, IRD)<\/p>\n

Anti malarial drugs to cure vector mosquitoes<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract: In addition to curative treatment against the pathogenic asexual stages of malaria parasites, targeting vector transmission is a complementary strategy for malaria control. I will present a study that relies on a clinical trial testing the benefits of the combination of atovaquone-proguanil (AP) and artemether-lumefantrine (AL) in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria and I will focus on the effect of a blood meal on patients treated with AL or AL+AP on the subsequent development of infection in pre-infected mosquitoes.<\/p>\n

16:00 – 16:30<\/strong> – Julien Pompon<\/strong> (DS5 – \u00e9quipe HIAT, IRD)<\/p>\n

Discovery of a pan-flavivirus transmission-enhancing factor in mosquito saliva\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mosquito-borne flaviviruses infect half a billion people yearly, causing 100 000 deaths and considerable economic losses. Upon mosquito bite, flaviviruses are delivered in saliva and first infect skin cells before spreading systematically, resulting in successful transmission. Multiple studies showed that salivary components enhance skin infection. Here, I will present our journey toward the discovery of the transmission-enhancing function of non-coding flaviviral RNA (i.e., subgenomic flaviviral RNA, sfRNA) and lipids in saliva. First, we discovered that sfRNA is secreted in mosquito saliva to enhance skin infection by inhibiting innate immunity. Second, we showed that sfRNA secretion in mosquito saliva is conserved across multiple flavivirus-mosquito species systems. Third, we elucidated how sfRNA is secreted in mosquito salivary extracellular vesicles by interacting with syntenin, a protein involved in extracellular vesicle biogenesis. Finally, we discovered how lipids in mosquito salivary extracellular vesicles enhance skin infection and transmission for multiple flaviviruses. Altogether, we characterized the multi-prong function of sfRNA-containing extracellular vesicles in flavivirus transmission.<\/p>\n

16:30 – …<\/strong><\/p>\n

Moment convivial autour d’un ap\u00e9ritif \u00e0 la cantine de l’IRD<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Bient\u00f4t la vid\u00e9o ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : seminaire.mivegec@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0– S\u00e9minaire 11\/12\/24 \u00e0 10h00<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ma th\u00e8se en 180 secondes
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\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Lors de ce s\u00e9minaire les doctorants pr\u00e9senteront leur sujet de th\u00e8se en 3 minutes. Parfait pour pr\u00e9senter les nouveaux arrivant \u00e0 l’unit\u00e9 !<\/p>\n

Veuillez trouver le programme ci-joint !<\/a><\/p>\n

Pour participer \u00e0 la r\u00e9union (lien Zoom) <\/u>: https:\/\/umontpellier-fr.zoom.us\/j\/97363758801<\/a><\/p>\n

ID de r\u00e9union :<\/u> 973 6375 8801<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Bient\u00f4t la vid\u00e9o ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : seminaire.mivegec@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0– S\u00e9minaire 03\/12\/24 \u00e0 14h00<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

Strain varioationin Orthoflaviviruses : Are we paying enough attention to it
<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Dr. Duncan R.Smith
<\/strong><\/p>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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When a pregnant woman becomes infected with the mosquito transmitted Zika virus (ZIKV) in the first or second trimester, the virus can pass across the placenta to infect the developing fetus. While this can have a number of consequences on fetal development, the most significant is microcephaly, or abnormally small brain development. The strain of ZIKV circulating in Thailand has been shown to cause microcephaly as evidenced by a number of cases. Our laboratory has been able to isolate the virus from autopsy tissues of a fetus medically terminated for reasons of fetal defects including microcephaly. Analysis showed that this virus differs from the endemic fever associated virus at only a nine amino acids, but that it has a distinctly different replication profile. Examination of the induction of the interferon response in both a cell line and in human neural cells differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells showed that the fever virus triggered significantly greater interferon b expression, as well as greater expression of a number of interferon stimulated genes.\u00a0 We next looked at several dengue virus strains, and again found that strain variation could induce a markedly different interferon response.\u00a0 Our results suggest that strain variation effects should be routinely assessed in experimental systems investigating the molecular interactions of Orthoflaviviruses with host cells.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Bient\u00f4t la vid\u00e9o ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : seminaire.mivegec@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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– S\u00e9minaire 21\/10\/24 \u00e0 14h00<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

La recherche collaborative en sant\u00e9 en Equateur\u00a0 : le pouvoir des \u00e9quipes multidisciplinaires
<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Dr. Mario Grijalva<\/strong><\/p>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

La maladie de Chagas reste un probl\u00e8me de sant\u00e9 publique mondial important, avec environ 7 millions de personnes infect\u00e9es par Trypanosoma cruzi. En \u00c9quateur, la transmission vectorielle est tr\u00e8s r\u00e9pandue et les m\u00e9thodes de lutte traditionnelles \u00e0 base d’insecticides n’offrent qu’un soulagement temporaire des infestations de triatomes dans les habitations. Pour rem\u00e9dier \u00e0 cette situation, une approche multidisciplinaire a \u00e9t\u00e9 mise en \u0153uvre dans le sud de l’\u00c9quateur, ax\u00e9e sur un contr\u00f4le et une pr\u00e9vention durables. Ce mod\u00e8le int\u00e8gre la promotion de la sant\u00e9, la cr\u00e9ation de revenus et l’am\u00e9lioration des habitations afin de garantir une efficacit\u00e9 \u00e0 long terme. En outre, les capacit\u00e9s et les infrastructures de recherche ont \u00e9t\u00e9 renforc\u00e9es en \u00c9quateur pour faire face \u00e0 ce probl\u00e8me et \u00e0 d’autres d\u00e9fis de sant\u00e9 publique.<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Bient\u00f4t la vid\u00e9o ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : seminaire.mivegec@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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– S\u00e9minaire 11\/10\/24 \u00e0 13h45<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u00e9minaire\u00a0 organis\u00e9 avec l’aide de\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Juliette Hayer<\/strong> et Guillaume <\/strong> Constantin De Magny <\/strong>du DS2<\/strong><\/p>\n

sur la th\u00e9matique : R\u00e9sistances <\/strong>(aux antibiotiques et insecticides)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Programme :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

13h45- 14h\u00a0 – Accueil caf\u00e9<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
14h -14h30 – Dr. Juliette Hayer <\/strong><\/span><\/span>(DS2 ) – L’\u00e8re post-antibiotique : circulation de bact\u00e9ries Gram n\u00e9gatives hautement r\u00e9sistantes \u00e0 l’interface entre l’homme, l’animal et l’environnement<\/strong> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
L’utilisation intensive d’antibiotiques en m\u00e9decine humaine et v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire a favoris\u00e9 l’\u00e9mergence de souches bact\u00e9riennes de plus en plus r\u00e9sistantes. Les mod\u00e8les pr\u00e9voient que la r\u00e9sistance aux antimicrobiens (RAM) pourrait causer 10 millions de d\u00e9c\u00e8s annuels d’ici 2050. En 2015, l’Organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9 a lanc\u00e9 le Syst\u00e8me mondial de surveillance de la r\u00e9sistance aux antimicrobiens et de leur utilisation, avec un accent particulier sur les bact\u00e9ries gram-n\u00e9gatives productrices de b\u00eata-lactamases \u00e0 spectre \u00e9tendu (BLSE) et de carbap\u00e9n\u00e9mases (CP). La RAM se propage entre les compartiments humains, animaux et environnementaux via des transferts clonaux et horizontaux de g\u00e8nes de r\u00e9sistance aux antibiotiques (GRA). Par cons\u00e9quent, l’approche \u00ab One Health \u00bb (Une seule sant\u00e9) est cruciale pour lutter efficacement contre la RAM. Je pr\u00e9senterai deux \u00e9tudes o\u00f9 nous avons \u00e9tudi\u00e9 la circulation et la transmission de bact\u00e9ries multi-r\u00e9sistantes : les bact\u00e9ries gram-n\u00e9gatives BLSE et CP, en utilisant l’\u00e9pid\u00e9miologie g\u00e9nomique dans des contextes urbains et ruraux. Dans la ville sub-saharienne de Djibouti, nous avons enqu\u00eat\u00e9 sur la circulation des bact\u00e9ries gram-n\u00e9gatives productrices de carbap\u00e9n\u00e9mases (CP-GNB) \u00e0 l’int\u00e9rieur et entre les h\u00f4pitaux, ainsi qu’\u00e0 l’interface humain-animal-environnement dans la ville. Dans le centre du Chili, nous avons cherch\u00e9 \u00e0 caract\u00e9riser la transmission d’Escherichia coli BLSE \u00e0 l’int\u00e9rieur et entre les fermes, chez les animaux sauvages, d’\u00e9levage et de compagnie. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><\/div>\n
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14h30 – 15h – Doctorants Monychot Tepy Chanto et Tha\u00ef Son Nguyen (DS2) : Pollution de l’autoroute aquatique : R\u00e9sistance aux antimicrobiens dans le M\u00e9kong, du Cambodge au Vietnam<\/strong><\/div>\n
15h – 15h15 – Mivegec 1point5 group : Retour sur la convention pour la transition \u00e9cologique \u00e0 l’IRD<\/strong><\/div>\n
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15h15 – 15h45 – Dr. Fabric eChandre ( DS3) – R\u00e9sistance des moustiques aux insecticides et impacts op\u00e9rationnels<\/strong><\/p>\n

La relation entre la r\u00e9sistance des vecteurs et ses cons\u00e9quences op\u00e9rationnelles est une question fondamentale pour les responsables de programmes de lutte mais elle reste l’un des \u00e9l\u00e9ments les plus complexes \u00e0 \u00e9lucider tant les facteurs confondants sont nombreux et ne permettent pas toujours d’\u00e9valuer la part relative de la r\u00e9sistance dans la baisse de l’efficacit\u00e9 observ\u00e9e. Malgr\u00e9 l’am\u00e9lioration de la connaissance des param\u00e8tres qui interviennent dans l’efficacit\u00e9 de la lutte, il reste difficile de pr\u00e9voir les cons\u00e9quences qu’aura la r\u00e9sistance sur le terrain non seulement en terme entomologique mais aussi \u00e9pid\u00e9miologique. La mise en \u00e9vidence, au laboratoire, d’une r\u00e9sistance chez un vecteur ne signifie pas n\u00e9cessairement, tout au moins dans un premier temps, l’\u00e9chec de la lutte. En effet, l’expression ph\u00e9notypique de la r\u00e9sistance peut \u00eatre modul\u00e9e par l’environnement comme la m\u00e9thode de lutte utilis\u00e9e, et les autres traits biologiques de l’insecte comme son comportement. J’illustrerai cela au travers de quelques exemples pris dans le cadre du contr\u00f4le du paludisme et des arboviroses.<\/em><\/p>\n

15h45–16h : Pause caf\u00e9<\/p>\n

16h – 16h30 – Dr. Ramses Djidjou-Demasse ( DS4) – Mod\u00e9lisation de la r\u00e9sistance aux antimicrobiens : Optimiser les strat\u00e9gies multi-m\u00e9dicaments pour un traitement durable<\/strong><\/p>\n

La r\u00e9sistance aux antimicrobiens (RAM) repr\u00e9sente une crise croissante de sant\u00e9 publique, aliment\u00e9e par l’\u00e9volution rapide des populations bact\u00e9riennes qui \u00e9chappent aux traitements existants. Les mod\u00e8les traditionnels de la RAM se concentrent souvent sur un nombre limit\u00e9 de souches r\u00e9sistantes, n\u00e9gligeant le spectre continu des niveaux de r\u00e9sistance, ou r\u00e9sistance quantitative aux antimicrobiens (qRAM). Dans cette pr\u00e9sentation, j’introduirai un mod\u00e8le math\u00e9matique qui int\u00e8gre la dynamique bact\u00e9rienne \u00e0 l’int\u00e9rieur de l’h\u00f4te avec la transmission entre h\u00f4tes, offrant une compr\u00e9hension plus compl\u00e8te de l’\u00e9volution de la r\u00e9sistance sous des traitements multi-m\u00e9dicamenteux. En incorporant des facteurs cl\u00e9s tels que l’observance du traitement, les taux de gu\u00e9rison et l’efficacit\u00e9 des m\u00e9dicaments, ce mod\u00e8le vise \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper des strat\u00e9gies optimales pour d\u00e9ployer les antimicrobiens afin de minimiser la propagation des infections et de pr\u00e9venir l’\u00e9chec des traitements. Nos r\u00e9sultats soulignent la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de prendre en compte \u00e0 la fois la r\u00e9sistance bact\u00e9rienne individuelle et les dynamiques \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle communautaire pour concevoir des strat\u00e9gies de traitement efficaces. Ce cadre offre une voie vers des solutions plus durables pour g\u00e9rer la RAM, avec des implications significatives pour la sant\u00e9 publique et les pratiques cliniques<\/em><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

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16h30 – 17h – Dr. Marilia Salgado Caxito ( DS2)\u00a0 : Utilisation de m\u00e9thodes de recherche mixtes pour att\u00e9nuer la r\u00e9sistance aux antimicrobiens dans les petites exploitations agricoles du P\u00e9rou au niveau de l’interface One Health<\/strong><\/div>\n
La r\u00e9sistance aux antimicrobiens (RAM) est un d\u00e9fi majeur pour l’approche \u00ab\u00a0One Health\u00a0\u00bb (une seule sant\u00e9), en particulier dans les pays \u00e0 revenu faible et interm\u00e9diaire (PRFI) en raison des taux \u00e9lev\u00e9s d’infections bact\u00e9riennes, du nombre limit\u00e9 d’options antibiotiques et de l’acc\u00e8s restreint aux soins de sant\u00e9. L’usage intensif d’antibiotiques chez les animaux est un facteur cl\u00e9 de l’\u00e9mergence et de la propagation rapide de la RAM. Le P\u00e9rou, un pays \u00e0 revenu interm\u00e9diaire, lutte contre la RAM en raison d’une mauvaise utilisation g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e des antibiotiques dans l’\u00e9levage, avec une augmentation projet\u00e9e de 160 % au cours de la prochaine d\u00e9cennie. Des facteurs tels que l’\u00e9ducation, le revenu et la taille des troupeaux contribuent \u00e0 cette mauvaise utilisation et \u00e0 la faible connaissance des antibiotiques dans les exploitations \u00e0 petite \u00e9chelle, qui repr\u00e9sentent la majorit\u00e9 des fermes au P\u00e9rou et sont principalement g\u00e9r\u00e9es par des agriculteurs \u00e0 faible revenu. Bien que le \u00ab Plan national multisectoriel de lutte contre la RAM \u00bb du P\u00e9rou inclue des strat\u00e9gies pour r\u00e9duire la mauvaise utilisation des antibiotiques et la RAM dans l’\u00e9levage, des interventions syst\u00e9matiques dans les petites exploitations agricoles font d\u00e9faut. Les \u00ab interventions complexes \u00bb am\u00e9liorant l’\u00e9levage, la bios\u00e9curit\u00e9 des fermes et l’orientation sur l’utilisation des antibiotiques ont permis de r\u00e9duire l’usage des antibiotiques et la r\u00e9sistance dans les pays \u00e0 revenu \u00e9lev\u00e9 tout en maintenant la productivit\u00e9 des fermes, mais bon nombre de ces strat\u00e9gies (par exemple, la taxation de l’usage des antibiotiques) sont impraticables pour les agriculteurs \u00e0 faible revenu. Notre objectif est de d\u00e9velopper des interventions \u00ab sp\u00e9cifiques au troupeau \u00bb co-construites avec les agriculteurs et adapt\u00e9es aux contextes socio-\u00e9conomiques et culturels locaux en utilisant une approche participative. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une collaboration \u00e9quitable entre le P\u00e9rou et la France, nous innovons dans la recherche participative avec les agriculteurs \u00e0 faible revenu en Am\u00e9rique latine en utilisant une approche m\u00e9thodologique mixte. Ce projet interdisciplinaire, combinant la microbiologie, la m\u00e9decine v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire, l’\u00e9cologie, l’\u00e9pid\u00e9miologie et les sciences sociales, vise \u00e0 co-construire des solutions adapt\u00e9es localement \u00e0 la RAM et \u00e0 favoriser la durabilit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique des agriculteurs p\u00e9ruviens \u00e0 faible revenu. Nos r\u00e9sultats pourraient servir de base pour de futures recherches sur les impacts \u00e9conomiques de ces interventions et leur mise \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle en partenariat avec les autorit\u00e9s nationales de sant\u00e9 animale.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
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17h – moment convivial autour d’un ap\u00e9ritif \u00e0 la cantine de l’IRD.<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
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Bient\u00f4t la vid\u00e9o ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : seminaire.mivegec@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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– S\u00e9minaire 19\/06\/24 \u00e0 09h30
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\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par les stagiaires de MIVEGEC
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S\u00e9minaire des stagiaires de MIVEGEC
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Programme :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

09h30- 9h55\u00a0 – Laurine BARACHIN (M2-DS2 – \u00e9quipe GeneSys- encadr\u00e9 par Julio BENAVIDES) : Impact of humhuman activites on the movements of the giant armadillo ( Priodontes maximus) in the Pantanal, Brazil.<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
09h55 -10h20 – Christian TCHANA( M2-DS1- \u00e9quipe EVCO – encadr\u00e9 par Ana RIVERO ) : Plasticit\u00e9 ph\u00e9notypique chez Plasmodium : r\u00e9ponse des gam\u00e9tocytes au stress<\/div>\n
10h20 – 10h45 – Jonas FARRUGIA-AUDRI (M2-DS2 – \u00e9quipe GeneSys – encadr\u00e9 par Julio BENAVIDES) : Impact of Socio-economical and ecological drivers on primates bites in Brazil<\/div>\n
10h45 – 11h05 – Maelys BILLOT ( M1-DS1 -\u00e9quipe EVCO – encadr\u00e9 par Karen Mc COY) : Pollution impact on ticks and tick-borne disease circulation<\/div>\n
11h05 – 11h30 – Marine THEARD ( M2-DS3 -\u00e9quipe DEEVA – encadr\u00e9 par Olivier ROUX) : Ingestion of microplastics by mosquito larvae and their impact on mobility.<\/div>\n
11h30 – 11h55 – L\u00e9a POIRIER ( M2-DS3 -\u00e9quipe DEEVA – encadr\u00e9 par Olivier ROUX et thierry LEFEVRE) : Ingestion of microplastics by mosquito larvae and their impact on mobility.<\/div>\n
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Bient\u00f4t la vid\u00e9o ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : seminaire.mivegec@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 <\/strong>– S\u00e9minaire 14\/06\/24 \u00e0 14h00
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\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par
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Aper\u00e7u des \u00e9tudes comportementales \u00e0 MIVEGEC
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Programme :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

14h15 -14h45 – Carlo COSTANTINI (DS3 – \u00e9quipe DEEVA- IRD) : Pitfalls ans idiosyncrasies in the study of insect behaviour<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
14h45 -15h15 – Flora GOUZERH ( DS1- \u00e9quipe CREEC ) : L’utilisation des odeurs pour d\u00e9tecter le cancer<\/div>\n
15h15 – 15h30 Pr\u00e9sentation du GT MIVEGEC 1 point 5<\/div>\n
15h30 – 15h45 : Pause caf\u00e9<\/div>\n
15h45 – 16h15 – Joao ENCARNACAO ( Dir. de l’entreprise Irideon) – VECTRACK – Digital surveillance of mosquitoes<\/div>\n
16h15- 16h30 – Pr\u00e9sentatoin du GT Equit\u00e9<\/div>\n
16h30 – 17h : Julien Pompon (DS5 – \u00e9quipe HIAT- IRD) – Dengue virus infection modifies mosquito blood-feeding behavior to increase transmission to the host<\/div>\n

Bient\u00f4t la vid\u00e9o ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : seminaire.mivegec@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 <\/strong>– S\u00e9minaire 27\/05\/24 \u00e0 16h00
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\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Dr Chung-Hong Chen<\/strong>
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Mechanical transmission of Dengue Virus by Aedes aegypti <\/em>may influence disease transmission dynamics during outbreaks
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R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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The escalating number of dengue virus (DENV) outbreaks and their worldwide spread pose a major threat to global public health. DENV transmission dynamics significantly influence outbreak duration and magnitude. Conventional DENV transmission requires an incubation period between mosquitoes biting infected humans and the mosquitoes becoming infectious. However, the possibility of immediate, mechanical transmission of DENV without viral replication in the mosquito has received little attention despite its potential importance.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Here, we show that Aedes aegypti<\/em> mosquitoes can mechanically transmit DENV to susceptible mice immediately after biting infected mice without the need for an incubation period. By incorporating parameters from our experiments into a newly developed mathematical model, we found a significant impact on DENV outbreak characteristics. Mechanical transmission may amplify existing disease transmission routes and influence outbreak dynamics. Our findings have implications for vector control strategies that target mosquito lifespan and suggest the possibility of similar mechanical transmission routes in other disease-carrying mosquitoes.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bient\u00f4t la vid\u00e9o ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : seminaire.mivegec@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 <\/strong>– S\u00e9minaire 18\/04\/24 \u00e0 11h00
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\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Tiphaine Bacot<\/strong>
<\/strong><\/p>\n

The genetic bases of deltamethrin resistance in Aedes albopictus<\/em>
<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0Bien que des strat\u00e9gies alternatives de contr\u00f4le soient en cours de d\u00e9veloppement, les insecticides pyr\u00e9thro\u00efdes restent largement utilis\u00e9s contre les moustiques Aedes<\/em> pour limiter la transmission des arbovirus. L’utilisation massive de ces insecticides a conduit \u00e0 l’\u00e9mergence et \u00e0 la propagation actuelle de la r\u00e9sistance chez Ae. albopictus. <\/em>Jusqu’\u00e0 ce que de nouveaux outils de contr\u00f4le soient largement mis en \u0153uvre, comprendre les m\u00e9canismes g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques de la r\u00e9sistance et identifier des marqueurs mol\u00e9culaires robustes est crucial pour am\u00e9liorer la surveillance et la gestion de la r\u00e9sistance. Cette \u00e9tude se concentre sur 5 r\u00e9gions : le sud de l’Europe, l’oc\u00e9an Indien, l’Afrique de l’Ouest moyenne et l’Asie du Sud-Est. Une population composite par r\u00e9gion a \u00e9t\u00e9 constitu\u00e9e en assemblant plusieurs populations de terrain<\/em>. Ensuite, une s\u00e9lection contr\u00f4l\u00e9e avec la deltam\u00e9thrine a permis un enrichissement en all\u00e8les de r\u00e9sistance. Des approches combin\u00e9es de g\u00e9nomique et de transcriptomique ont \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9es pour identifier les all\u00e8les de r\u00e9sistance dans chaque r\u00e9gion.<\/span>Des m\u00e9canismes de r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la deltam\u00e9thrine distincts ont \u00e9t\u00e9 identifi\u00e9s dans chaque r\u00e9gion, incluant des mutations kdr mais aussi d’autres m\u00e9canismes tels que la d\u00e9toxification et la r\u00e9sistance cuticulaire. Les m\u00e9canismes contrast\u00e9s observ\u00e9s \u00e0 travers les r\u00e9gions soutiennent un paysage dynamique de la r\u00e9sistance chez Ae. albopictus<\/em> \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle mondiale. Les principaux marqueurs de r\u00e9sistance ont \u00e9t\u00e9 identifi\u00e9s dans chaque r\u00e9gion. D’un point de vue appliqu\u00e9, une telle \u00e9tude ouvre la voie pour d\u00e9finir un ensemble de marqueurs mol\u00e9culaires pour suivre la r\u00e9sistance sur le terrain.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bient\u00f4t la vid\u00e9o ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : seminaire.mivegec@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 <\/strong>– S\u00e9minaire 29\/03\/24 \u00e0 14h00
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\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par DS4<\/strong>
<\/strong><\/p>\n

Virus : du mol\u00e9culaire-cellulaire au virome
<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Programme :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

14:00 – 14:15 <\/b>(pr\u00e9sentiel)
Dr Ignacio GONZALEZ BRAVO <\/strong>(DS4 – \u00e9quipe VIROSTYLE, CNRS) – Introduction :<\/strong> Virologie et virus apr\u00e8s et au-del\u00e0 du SRAS-CoV-2 et COVID-19<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0La virologie est morte\u00a0\u00bb \u00e9tait une affirmation r\u00e9currente avant les \u00e9pid\u00e9mies de VIH et de sida, ainsi qu’avant les pand\u00e9mies de SRAS-CoV-2<\/em> et deCOVID19<\/em>. On peut se demander si la d\u00e9couverte constante de nouveaux (m\u00e9ta)g\u00e9nomes viraux, la recherche syst\u00e9matique d’associations entre des virus orphelins et des maladies orphelines, ou l’examen minutieux du changement d’h\u00f4te et de la surveillance des infections suffisent \u00e0 maintenir la virologie en vie. On peut m\u00eame se demander si ces programmes de recherche appartiennent \u00e0 un corpus scientifique unifi\u00e9. On peut m\u00eame \u00eatre provocateur et se demander si la virologie existe en tant que domaine de recherche et\/ou scientifique unifi\u00e9. Mais peut-\u00eatre devrions-nous commencer par nous demander ensemble si nous pouvons nous mettre d’accord sur ce qu’est un virus.<\/p>\n

14:15 – 14:45 <\/b>(visioconf\u00e9rence)<\/p>\n

Dr Doroth\u00e9e MISSE <\/strong>(DS5 – \u00e9quipe HIAT, IRD) –<\/strong> Deciphering arbovirus entry and infection mechanisms for pathogenesis understanding and therapeutic target identification<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Pour la plupart des arbovirus, il n’existe ni traitement sp\u00e9cifique ni vaccin pour lutter contre les maladies qu’ils provoquent. La compr\u00e9hension de la biologie de ces virus est une \u00e9tape cruciale dans l’identification de cibles th\u00e9rapeutiques. Le travail pr\u00e9sent\u00e9, en d\u00e9cryptant les m\u00e9canismes mol\u00e9culaires et cellulaires impliqu\u00e9s dans l’infection et en identifiant les points d’entr\u00e9e des arbovirus, illustrera notre contribution \u00e0 une meilleure compr\u00e9hension de la biologie de ces virus.<\/p>\n

14:45 – 15:00 (<\/strong>pr\u00e9sentiel)<\/p>\n

Mivegec 1point5 group<\/strong> – <\/strong>Mivegec1.5 \u00e9value vos connaissances<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

15:00 – 15:30 (<\/strong>pr\u00e9sentiel)<\/p>\n

Remy Froissard <\/strong>(DS4 – \u00e9quipe VIROSTYLE, CNRS) –<\/strong>Phagoth\u00e9rapie et \u00e9volution exp\u00e9rimentale<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

La g\u00e9n\u00e9ralit\u00e9 (c’est-\u00e0-dire la capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 se reproduire dans plusieurs environnements diff\u00e9rents) est pr\u00e9dite au prix d’une aptitude moyenne plus faible. Pour la th\u00e9rapie par les phages, cette pr\u00e9diction remet en cause l’utilisation de cocktails compos\u00e9s d’un seul g\u00e9n\u00e9raliste, au profit de l’utilisation de plusieurs phages sp\u00e9cialistes. Pour r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 cette question, nous avons con\u00e7u diff\u00e9rents essais d’\u00e9volution exp\u00e9rimentale afin d’\u00e9largir la gamme d’h\u00f4tes et d’\u00e9valuer la virulence des phages infectant plusieurs g\u00e9notypes de Salmonella enterica<\/em> ou d’E. coli<\/em> clinique r\u00e9sistant aux carbap\u00e9n\u00e8mes. Au cours de l’expos\u00e9, je pr\u00e9senterai nos r\u00e9sultats r\u00e9cents (en cours ou en cours de publication) ainsi que nos projets futurs (y compris les perspectives anthropologiques).<\/p>\n

15:30 – 15:45<\/strong> \u2615 PAUSE CAFE \u2615<\/em><\/p>\n

15:45 – 16:15 (<\/strong>pr\u00e9sentiel)<\/p>\n

St\u00e9phane Blanc <\/strong>(UMR PHIM – VIROM, INRAE) pr\u00e9sentera son travail avec le Dr. Ioannis Michalakis <\/strong>(DS4 – ETE, CNRS) –<\/strong>Multipartite viruses unvail unforeseen viral capacities<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Les virus multipartites poss\u00e8dent deux ou plusieurs segments d’acide nucl\u00e9ique, chacun individuellement et donc encapsid\u00e9 s\u00e9par\u00e9ment. Par cons\u00e9quent, leur g\u00e9nome int\u00e9gral n’est pas r\u00e9capitul\u00e9 dans une mais dans une population de particules virales. Les avantages et les co\u00fbts de ces syst\u00e8mes g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques et la mani\u00e8re dont ils peuvent r\u00e9ellement \u00eatre fonctionnels constituent une \u00e9nigme de longue date. En utilisant un mod\u00e8le de nanovirus multipartite, nous \u00e9tudions leur potentiel d’adaptation rapide \u00e0 un environnement changeant par la modification de la fr\u00e9quence de leurs segments g\u00e9nomiques distincts, une sorte de processus d’adaptation sans mutation. En cons\u00e9quence, les segments \u00e0 faible fr\u00e9quence ont plus de chances de se perdre, ce qui rend encore plus difficile le maintien de l’int\u00e9grit\u00e9 du g\u00e9nome. Nous nous demandons alors comment le virus parvient \u00e0 ne pas perdre certains segments de son g\u00e9nome lorsqu’il envahit de nouvelles cellules ou de nouveaux h\u00f4tes. L’id\u00e9e audacieuse que nous poursuivons est que les segments du g\u00e9nome n’ont peut-\u00eatre pas besoin d’\u00eatre ensemble dans les cellules individuelles, ou de voyager ensemble \u00e0 l’int\u00e9rieur et entre les h\u00f4tes, pour que le syst\u00e8me fonctionne et se propage<\/p>\n

16:15 – 17:00 <\/strong>(pr\u00e9sentiel)<\/p>\n

Conclusion – Table ronde : Virus, recherches et perspectives<\/strong><\/p>\n

Discussion g\u00e9n\u00e9rale avec les participants de la journ\u00e9e<\/strong> et Philippe Paget-Bailly<\/strong> (DS4 – VIROSTYLE, CNRS – Postdoc) autour des recherches actuelles sur les virus et leurs perspectives. La session sera anim\u00e9e par l’\u00e9quipe s\u00e9minaire<\/strong> Mivegec ainsi que Charlotte Whinttington<\/strong> (DS4 – VIROSTYLE, CNRS\/Universit\u00e9 de Bordeaux – doctorante).<\/p>\n

La vid\u00e9o ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : seminaire.mivegec@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 <\/strong>– S\u00e9minaire 07\/03\/24 \u00e0 11h00
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\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Wolfgang MILLER<\/strong>
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Sex & Germs & Speciation : The Wonderful World of Neotropical Wolbachia
<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Selfish genetic elements (SGEs) like transposons, viruses, bacteria, archaea and protists are universal life entities with the capacity to replicate faster than the host and to coevolve tightly by fluctuating waves of conflict and cooperation. In the light of the Holobiome concept, the phenotype of an organism is formed not only by its nuclear and organelle genomic compounds but also by the genomic entities of its cohabitating SGE symbionts. Thereby, SGEs are now considered as important factors to drive along the genetic diversity and speciation of their hosts, even within short evolutionary periods of time. As shown by the latitudinal diversity gradient, tropical organisms have a much higher diversification and speciation rate than temperate ones, and thereby are ideal systems for studying the tempo and mode of SGE-driven host speciation under experimental conditions.<\/p>\n

Drosophila paulistorum<\/span><\/em> spp. is a neotropical species complex that became famous since the 1960s by Dobzhansky and Ehrman as a reference model system to study the causes and consequences of incipient speciation in nature, but also under lab-controlled conditions. We show that the maternally-transmitted endosymbiotic Wolbachia<\/em> bacteria are fixed mutualistic entity of all D. paulistorum<\/em> flies, which are restricted to defined functional host tissues by autophagy, and importantly, direct sexual mating behavior of both sexes and hence drive reproductive isolation between closely related neotropical fly species. <\/span><\/p>\n

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L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : seminaire.mivegec@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 <\/strong>– S\u00e9minaire 01\/02\/24 \u00e0 11h00
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\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par L\u00e9o VARNET<\/strong>
<\/strong><\/p>\n

Compr\u00e9hension du masculin g\u00e9n\u00e9rique et de l’\u00e9criture inclusive : quelque donn\u00e9es empiriques
<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

La psycholinguistique est la science qui s’int\u00e9resse \u00e0 la compr\u00e9hension du langage par le cerveau humain. Depuis les ann\u00e9es 2000, cette discipline se penche notamment sur le traitement du masculin g\u00e9n\u00e9rique et, plus r\u00e9cemment, de l’\u00e9criture inclusive. Les donn\u00e9es exp\u00e9rimentales indiquent sans ambigu\u00eft\u00e9 que la lecture de formes au masculin g\u00e9n\u00e9rique engendre un biais en faveur des repr\u00e9sentations mentales masculines, tandis que l’utilisation de diff\u00e9rentes strat\u00e9gies d’\u00e9criture inclusive semble \u00eatre en mesure de mitiger ces biais. Dans cette pr\u00e9sentation, je d\u00e9crirai les m\u00e9thodes et r\u00e9sultats de ces \u00e9tudes avant de discuter rapidement des cons\u00e9quences possibles de ces conclusions dans la vie de tous les jours.<\/span><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

Lien vers les slides et en particulier la bibliographie avec les r\u00e9f\u00e9rences des articles cit\u00e9s : https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-04346446<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

GT \u00e9quit\u00e9 et diversit\u00e9 MIVEGEC : Anna Cohuet<\/a> et Arthur Talman.<\/a><\/p>\n

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L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : seminaire.mivegec@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

\u00a0 <\/strong>– S\u00e9minaire 14\/12\/23 \u00e0 10h00
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\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par les doctorants de MIVEGEC<\/strong>
<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Ma th\u00e8se en 180 secondes
<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Les doctorants pr\u00e9senteront leur sujet de th\u00e8se en 3 minutes, afin de se faire conna\u00eetre de l’unit\u00e9 !<\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : colombine.bartholomee@ird.fr <\/span><\/a>; elsa.beurrier@ird.fr<\/span><\/a> ; ella.marcy@ird.fr ; <\/span><\/a>oc\u00e9ane.rieu@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

\u00a0 <\/strong>– S\u00e9minaire 07\/12\/23 \u00e0 11h00
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\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Chlo\u00e9 DUPONT<\/strong>
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Adaptation de pathog\u00e8nes opportunistes environnementaux aux poumons de patients atteints de mucoviscidose
<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

La mucoviscidose est une maladie g\u00e9n\u00e9tique autosomique r\u00e9cessive qui touche de nombreux organes et\u00a0en particulier\u00a0les\u00a0poumons. D\u00e8s le plus\u00a0jeune \u00e2ge\u00a0les\u00a0voies respiratoires profondes\u00a0peuvent \u00eatre colonis\u00e9es\u00a0par des bact\u00e9ries d\u2019origine environnementale,\u00a0et la source de contamination par ces bact\u00e9ries est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement inconnue et les potentiels r\u00e9servoirs sont peu \u00e9tudi\u00e9s. Apr\u00e8s la primocolonisation, en cas d\u2019\u00e9chec d\u2019\u00e9radication,\u00a0ces bact\u00e9ries\u00a0sont capables de coloniser chroniquement les voies respiratoires durant\u00a0des ann\u00e9es voire\u00a0la vie du patient.\u00a0Depuis une dizaine d\u2019ann\u00e9e mes\u00a0th\u00e9matiques\u00a0de recherche\u00a0au sein de l\u2019\u00e9quipe PHySE de l\u2019UMR HSM\u00a0ont\u00a0majoritairement\u00a0port\u00e9 sur les pathog\u00e8nes opportunistes\u00a0d\u2019origine environnementale dans le\u00a0contexte\u00a0de la mucoviscidose.\u00a0Au d\u00e9part\u00a0j\u2019ai \u00e9tudi\u00e9 les m\u00e9canismes d\u2019adaptation sous tendant la persistance de\u00a0ces\u00a0bact\u00e9ries dans les voies respiratoires. J\u2019ai\u00a0particuli\u00e8rement\u00a0\u00e9tudi\u00e9\u00a0l\u2019h\u00e9t\u00e9rog\u00e9n\u00e9it\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et ph\u00e9notypique au sein de populations\u00a0clonales d\u2019esp\u00e8ces bact\u00e9riennes consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme \u00e9mergentes dans cette pathologie.\u00a0Par la suite,\u00a0j\u2019ai d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 un axe de recherche sur la\u00a0mise en \u00e9vidence\u00a0de ces pathog\u00e8nes opportunistes au sein des domiciles de patients et les cycles potentiels de transmission environnement-patient.\u00a0Pour cela, j\u2019ai effectu\u00e9 de nombreux pr\u00e9l\u00e8vements dans l\u2019environnement domestique de patients atteints de mucoviscidose, particuli\u00e8rement dans les zones humides et j\u2019ai compar\u00e9 les g\u00e9notypes isol\u00e9s \u00e0 ceux colonisant les voies respiratoires. Dans 50% des cas des transmissions entre le patient et son environnement ont \u00e9t\u00e9 mises en \u00e9vidence sugg\u00e9rant de potentielles contaminations \u00e0 partir de l’environnement proche. Ce sont les r\u00e9sultats de ces diff\u00e9rentes \u00e9tudes que j\u2019aurais le plaisir de vous pr\u00e9senter le 7 d\u00e9cembre.<\/span><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : colombine.bartholomee@ird.fr <\/span><\/a>; elsa.beurrier@ird.fr<\/span><\/a> ; ella.marcy@ird.fr ; <\/span><\/a>oc\u00e9ane.rieu@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

\u00a0 <\/strong>– S\u00e9minaire 23\/11\/23 \u00e0 11h00
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\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Serafin GUTIERREZ<\/strong>
<\/strong><\/p>\n

Towards a model of virome assembly in mosquitoes based on host taxonomy
<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Mosquitoes harbour a large diversity of eukaryotic viruses beyond the well-known viral pathogens of humans. Those virus communities or viromes can influence mosquito physiology as well as the transmission of human pathogens. Nevertheless, we lack robust data on potential deterministic patterns governing virome assembly. Identifying such patterns (or their absence) is an essential step towards realistic tests of the virome influence on mosquito physiology or on pathogen transmission to vertebrates. During my talk, I will present data from our group on the assembly patterns in the virome of different mosquito species. Based on our results and those of others, we propose a new model of virome assembly<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in mosquitoes based on host taxonomy. In this model, differences in relative abundance of shared viruses would dominate between the viromes of closely-related hosts (i.e. between populations of a mosquito species, or between closely-related mosquito species). The dominant difference would change along with host taxonomic distance. Thus, differences in virus diversity would prevail between unrelated mosquito species. This preliminary model has yet limited empirical support and requires more studies exploring its validity.<\/span><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : colombine.bartholomee@ird.fr <\/span><\/a>; elsa.beurrier@ird.fr<\/span><\/a> ; ella.marcy@ird.fr ; <\/span><\/a>oc\u00e9ane.rieu@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

\u00a0 <\/strong>– S\u00e9minaire 16\/11\/23 \u00e0 11h00
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\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Adam DOBSON<\/strong>
<\/strong><\/p>\n

Remote control : how do gut bacteria modulate host ageing ? Characterising the microbiota-gut-brain axis in Drosophila<\/em>
<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Gut microbiota strongly shape host physiology and health. This influence includes effects on ageing, which is arguably the biggest contemporary challenge to healthcare systems. We do not know how these microbes, confined to the gut lumen, modulate systemic host functions that determine host physiology, including in ageing. Uncovering fundamental mechanisms of host-microbiota interactions in model systems can both generate hypotheses on the role of the microbiota in ageing, and also elucidate fundamental roles of bacteria in animal biology.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

In our lab we are characterising how gut bacteria alter systemic hormone signalling and metabolism, and how this affects ageing. We use a Drosophila <\/em>model, which allows us complete control of the microbiota, diet, and host biology. We have shown that specific microbes determine host lifespan and physiology via the enteroendocrine hormone Tachykinin (Tk)<\/em>, an orthologue of human Tac1<\/em>. Microbiota appear to shape life-history via interplay with Tk<\/em>, and interfering with both simultaneously can render flies long-lived but without anticipated costs to other traits in early life, associated with striking switches in metabolism and signalling. These effects appear to be mediated by signalling from the gut to neurons, but independent of downstream signalling pathways that canonically modulate ageing. We are now investigating whether the effect of Tk <\/em>knockdown on lifespan is mediated by a immunity-mediated feedback to the microbiota itself, which would imply that fly microbiota accelerate ageing by manipulating the host via Tk <\/em>to be more hospitable, at a cost of accelerated mortality. This implies a significant role for a novel microbe-gut-brain axis in shaping lifelong health and life history, which we expect to be evolutionarily conserved.<\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : colombine.bartholomee@ird.fr <\/span><\/a>; elsa.beurrier@ird.fr<\/span><\/a> ; ella.marcy@ird.fr ; <\/span><\/a>oc\u00e9ane.rieu@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 <\/strong>– S\u00e9minaire 13\/11\/23 \u00e0 14h00
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\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Tania SUAREZ<\/strong>
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Seabirds as sentinels of anitmicrobial resistance in central chile
<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public threat. Seabirds have been reported as carriers of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-(ESBL) producing\u00a0Escherichia coli<\/em>\u00a0(ESBL-EC) which is found in a wide range of habitats\u00a0including central Chile.\u00a0The temporal dynamics of ESBL-EC carried by seabirds remain poorly understood.\u00a0Different foraging habits and reproductive cycles in seabirds could also impact their AMR prevalence. In the Humboldt Current Large Marine Ecosystem in Chile, climate variation occurs over the year and is home to the resident, migratory, and native seabirds, making it an adequate environment to explore AMR variability through time and by host species. We aim to estimate the prevalence of ESBL-EC\u00a0of\u00a0Larus dominicanus, Larus pipixcan\u00a0<\/em>and\u00a0Pelecanus thagus\u00a0<\/em>in summer season and also in winter for\u00a0L. dominicanus<\/em>\u00a0during a two-year period (2020-2023). We compared the prevalence of ESBL-EC among the host species and time using a Generalized Linear Model. The prevalence in\u00a0L. dominicanus<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0P. thagus<\/em>\u00a0were higher (42% and 38%, respectively) than in\u00a0L. pipixcan<\/em>\u00a0(18%). A statistically significant difference was found among the three seabird species\u00a0(p<\/em>=0.004 and\u00a0p<\/em>=0.01, respectively). Also, year 2022 showed a statistically significant difference (p<\/em>=0.002). Despite the prevalence of ESBL-EC in\u00a0L. dominicanus<\/em>\u00a0between summer and winter (50%) remained high, there was no significant difference (p<\/em>=0.06). These results suggest that ESBL-EC is firmly sustained in the three seabird species, in particular resident and native species. Our findings call for a better understanding of the origin and drivers of AMR circulation among wild birds.<\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : colombine.bartholomee@ird.fr <\/span><\/a>; elsa.beurrier@ird.fr<\/span><\/a> ; ella.marcy@ird.fr ; <\/span><\/a>oc\u00e9ane.rieu@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 <\/strong>– S\u00e9minaire 10\/11\/23 \u00e0 09h00
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\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

MINI SYMPOSIUM TICK-BORNE DISEASES<\/span><\/span><\/span>
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R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

09:00<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Dr Rodolphe Hamel<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> (MiVEGEC, University of Montpellier, IRD, CNRS) will lead the Opening session and Introduction of the symposium.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
09:15 – 09:45<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Dr Leo Uchida<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> (Laboratory of Zoonotic Diseases School of Veterinary Medicine Rakuno Gakuen University) will present his work about \u00ab <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Tick-borne viral diseases in Japan<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u00bb.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>09:50 – 10:20<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Dr Idir Bitam<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> (Centre de recherche Agropastoralism, Djelfa, Alg\u00e9rie, et LMI REMEDIER, Alger) will present his work about \u00ab <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Ticks and tick-borne diseases in North Africa<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u00bb.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n

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10:20<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Coffee break<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n

\n

10:50 – 11:20<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Dr Sebastien Boyer<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> (Head of Medical and Veterinary Entomology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge) will present his work about \u00ab <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Ticks and tick-borne diseases in Cambodia<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u00bb. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n

\n

11:25 – 11:55<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Dr Karen D. McCoy<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> (CNRS Research Director, MiVEGEC, University of Montpellier, IRD, CNRS) will present <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>her work about \u00ab <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Ticks and the circulation of tick-borne pathogens in seabirds<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u00bb. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : colombine.bartholomee@ird.fr <\/span><\/a>; elsa.beurrier@ird.fr<\/span><\/a> ; ella.marcy@ird.fr ; <\/span><\/a>oc\u00e9ane.rieu@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

\u00a0 <\/strong>– S\u00e9minaire 12\/10\/23 \u00e0 11h00
<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Anthony CORNEL<\/strong>
<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Mon parcours entomologique dans la lutte contre les moustiques, la biologie et la syst\u00e9matique
<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Mon parcours a commenc\u00e9 en Afrique du Sud en 1984, en tant qu’\u00e9tudiant de ma\u00eetrise \u00e9tudiant la comp\u00e9tence vectorielle des virus du Nil occidental et de Sindbis. Depuis lors, je ne me suis jamais \u00e9loign\u00e9 de l’\u00e9tude de la syst\u00e9matique, de l’\u00e9cologie, du contr\u00f4le et de la g\u00e9n\u00e9tique des moustiques. J’\u00e9voquerai les aspects du travail qui m’ont conduit l\u00e0 o\u00f9 je suis aujourd’hui et je parlerai de mes projets futurs qui comprennent i) l’examen de la syst\u00e9matique des Aedes afrotropicaux et d’autres Culicines, ii) l’examen de l’utilit\u00e9 des essais biologiques sur les bouteilles pour pr\u00e9voir les efforts de lutte contre les ULV, iii) l’accumulation de donn\u00e9es de base sur le terrain pour une strat\u00e9gie de modification g\u00e9n\u00e9tique visant \u00e0 lutter contre le paludisme dans les \u00eeles Sao Tom\u00e9 et Principe et iv) la formation du personnel des nations insulaires du Pacifique \u00e0 la surveillance des vecteurs du virus de la dengue et \u00e0 la lutte contre les \u00e9pid\u00e9mies.<\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : colombine.bartholomee@ird.fr <\/span><\/a>; elsa.beurrier@ird.fr<\/span><\/a> ; ella.marcy@ird.fr ; <\/span><\/a>oc\u00e9ane.rieu@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>– S\u00e9minaire 21\/09\/23 \u00e0 11h00
<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Ashley ST JOHN<\/strong>
<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Facteurs immunitaires maternels et f\u0153taux le syndrome cong\u00e9nital du virus Zika<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Le virus Zika (ZIKV) provoque une l\u00e9g\u00e8re maladie f\u00e9brile chez les adultes, mais il est le plus pr\u00e9occupant parce qu’il peut se transmettre verticalement de la m\u00e8re au f\u0153tus. Les f\u0153tus des femmes enceintes infect\u00e9es sont expos\u00e9s au risque de syndrome cong\u00e9nital du Zika (SCZ), qui peut se traduire par une microc\u00e9phalie, des calcifications c\u00e9r\u00e9brales, l’absence de gyri c\u00e9r\u00e9bral et d’autres anomalies neurologiques. L’\u00e9mergence du ZIKV en Polyn\u00e9sie fran\u00e7aise en 2013 et au Br\u00e9sil en 2016 a co\u00efncid\u00e9 avec une forte augmentation des cas de microc\u00e9phalie.et les virus isol\u00e9s se sont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9s \u00eatre d’une nouvelle lign\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0asiatique\u00a0\u00bb, contrastant avec les souches de la lign\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0africaine\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

\u00c0 l’aide d’un mod\u00e8le murin de transmission verticale du ZIKV, les contributions fonctionnelles de plusieurs types de cellules immunitaires f\u0153tales ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tudi\u00e9es, ainsi que les macrophages primitifs, la microglie et les monocytes \u00e0 l’exacerbation de l’infection par le ZIKV par rapport au contr\u00f4le. Nos r\u00e9sultats indiquent \u00e9galement que les anticorps maternels jouent un r\u00f4le dans l’augmentation de la transmission verticale de l’infection dans les mod\u00e8les de souris et de primates. Nous observons que les facteurs immunitaires maternels et f\u0153taux peuvent
influencer les r\u00e9sultats de l’infection par le ZIKV et la gravit\u00e9 de la maladie chez les f\u0153tus.<\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : colombine.bartholomee@ird.fr <\/span><\/a>; elsa.beurrier@ird.fr<\/span><\/a> ; ella.marcy@ird.fr ; <\/span><\/a>oc\u00e9ane.rieu@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>– S\u00e9minaire 07\/09\/23 \u00e0 11h00
<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Perot SAELAO<\/strong>
<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Tiques, la bombe \u00e0 retardement : Faire progresser les technologies g\u00e9nomiques pour lutter contre la menace des vecteurs nuisibles <\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Les tiques, en tant que vecteurs ectoparasites, repr\u00e9sentent une menace importante pour la sant\u00e9 humaine et animale, car elles sont responsables de la transmission de maladies majeures. L’expansion de l’aire de r\u00e9partition g\u00e9ographique des tiques et l’\u00e9mergence d’une r\u00e9sistance aux acaricides constituent des d\u00e9fis pressants pour les strat\u00e9gies de contr\u00f4le actuelles. En r\u00e9ponse, ce s\u00e9minaire de recherche explore des approches innovantes qui s’appuient sur la g\u00e9n\u00e9tique des populations et les techniques avanc\u00e9es de s\u00e9quen\u00e7age du g\u00e9nome entier pour comprendre la diversit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9tique des tiques et faciliter le d\u00e9veloppement de nouvelles th\u00e9rapies. En adaptant des outils g\u00e9nomiques d’organismes \u00ab\u00a0mod\u00e8les\u00a0\u00bb \u00e0 des organismes non mod\u00e8les, nous souhaitons r\u00e9volutionner la recherche sur la biologie des vecteurs de tiques. Nos r\u00e9sultats pourraient ouvrir la voie \u00e0 des strat\u00e9gies plus efficaces et plus cibl\u00e9es pour lutter contre la menace croissante des maladies transmises par les tiques. L’int\u00e9gration des technologies g\u00e9nomiques de pointe \u00e0 la recherche sur la biologie des vecteurs de tiques promet de faire progresser consid\u00e9rablement notre compr\u00e9hension des populations de tiques, de leurs caract\u00e9ristiques g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques et de leurs interactions avec les h\u00f4tes, am\u00e9liorant ainsi le contr\u00f4le et la gestion de ces dangereux vecteurs nuisibles<\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : colombine.bartholomee@ird.fr <\/span><\/a>; elsa.beurrier@ird.fr<\/span><\/a> ; ella.marcy@ird.fr ; <\/span><\/a>oc\u00e9ane.rieu@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>– S\u00e9minaire 22\/06\/23 \u00e0 11h00
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\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Margaux MESLEARD-ROUX<\/strong>
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\u00a0Caract\u00e9risation de la biodynamique d’infection des bact\u00e9riophages selon la diversit\u00e9 des isolats bact\u00e9riens cibl\u00e9 <\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c0 la suite de contaminations\u00a0<\/em>de\u00a0Salmonella enterica enterica<\/em>\u00a0serovar Tenesee dans une usine agro-alimentaire, un phage ancestral T5 a \u00e9t\u00e9 isol\u00e9 sur certains de ces isolats. Le spectre d\u2019h\u00f4te d\u2019un bact\u00e9riophage \u00e9tant tr\u00e8s restreint, il apparait n\u00e9cessaire de le faire \u00e9voluer de mani\u00e8re \u00e0 augmenter sa gamme d\u2019h\u00f4tes et \u00e9viter l\u2019apparition de bact\u00e9ries r\u00e9sistantes. Nous avons ainsi obtenu 4 populations de phages g\u00e9n\u00e9ralistes avec une gamme d\u2019h\u00f4te \u00e9tendue et une virulence accrue gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019utilisation du protocole d\u2019Appelmans. Afin de d\u00e9terminer les modifications g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques \u00e0 l\u2019origine de ces adaptations, nous avons s\u00e9quenc\u00e9 les g\u00e9nomes des diff\u00e9rentes populations. Les analyses bio-informatiques ont notamment r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9es 2 mutations dans la prot\u00e9ine pb1 de la long tail fiber, une des prot\u00e9ines de la queue en contact direct avec le r\u00e9cepteur bact\u00e9rien. La prot\u00e9ine pb1 semblant \u00eatre impliqu\u00e9e dans l\u2019augmentation de la gamme d\u2019h\u00f4tes, l\u2019introduction de ces 2 mutations chez le phage ancestral par des exp\u00e9riences de reverse g\u00e9n\u00e9tique (clonage et recombinaison) permettrai la v\u00e9rification de cette hypoth\u00e8se.<\/p>\n

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Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Valentin CHAUVIN
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Plasticit\u00e9 ph\u00e9notypique chez Plasmodium : la r\u00e9ponse des stades sanguins aux piq\u00fbres de moustiques<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

En \u00e9pid\u00e9miologie et \u00e9co-\u00e9volution, \u00e9tudier les strat\u00e9gies adaptatives des parasites du paludisme est primordial pour comprendre leur transmission. Chez les\u00a0Plasmodium<\/em>, agents \u00e9tiologiques du paludisme, la transmission \u00e0 un nouvel h\u00f4te passe obligatoirement par un cycle de reproduction sexu\u00e9e. Le succ\u00e8s reproducteur, et donc l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 de la transmission d\u2019un parasite\u00a0Plasmodium<\/em>\u00a0repose essentiellement sur deux trade-offs (ou compromis \u00e9volutifs): la production de stades sexu\u00e9s transmissibles (gam\u00e9tocytes) aux d\u00e9pens de la production de stades asexu\u00e9s non transmissibles (taux de conversion), et l’investissement entre gam\u00e9tocytes m\u00e2les versus femelles (sex-ratio). La plasticit\u00e9 ph\u00e9notypique des gam\u00e9tocytes des\u00a0Plasmodiums<\/em>\u00a0permet aux parasites d\u2019ajuster leurs strat\u00e9gies d\u2019investissement en r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 des variations dans leur environnement, par exemple face \u00e0 la fluctuation saisonni\u00e8re de la densit\u00e9 des vecteurs.\u00a0\u00a0Selon les th\u00e9ories \u00e9volutives, on devrait observer une augmentation de l\u2019investissement dans les gam\u00e9tocytes, et parall\u00e8lement une diminution de la production de m\u00e2les. Dans ce projet de stage de Master 2, nous avons tent\u00e9 de confirmer ces hypoth\u00e8ses en utilisant le mod\u00e8le aviaire de la malaria\u00a0:\u00a0Plasmodium relictum<\/em>\u00a0et son vecteur\u00a0naturel : le moustique\u00a0Culex pipiens<\/em>. En parall\u00e8le nous avons utilis\u00e9 une esp\u00e8ce non-vectrice du paludisme aviaire (Anopheles gambiae<\/em>) afin de mettre en \u00e9vidence la capacit\u00e9 du parasite \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre sp\u00e9cifiquement \u00e0 son vecteur. Au cours de cette pr\u00e9sentation nous discuterons des r\u00e9sultats obtenus et des perspectives sur la capacit\u00e9 des\u00a0Plasmodium\u00a0<\/em>\u00e0 maximiser leur transmission en adoptant des strat\u00e9gies d’histoire de vie plastique face \u00e0 la disponibilit\u00e9 d’insectes vecteurs.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par L\u00e9a AMICE MATTEI
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Structure spatiale des populations de Go\u00e9land leucoph\u00e9e (Larus michahellis<\/em>) et cons\u00e9quences \u00e9co-\u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

La dispersion des h\u00f4tes, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire le d\u00e9placement de l\u2019endroit o\u00f9 ils sont n\u00e9s ou se sont reproduits vers un nouveau lieu de reproduction, est un d\u00e9terminant fort de la dynamique des maladies infectieuses. \u00c9tudier la structure g\u00e9n\u00e9tique spatiale des h\u00f4tes peut renseigner sur l\u2019intensit\u00e9 et l\u2019\u00e9tendue de leur dispersion, et donc sur le potentiel de diss\u00e9mination des maladies. Le Go\u00e9land leucoph\u00e9e,\u00a0Larus michahellis<\/em>, l\u2019une des esp\u00e8ces de Larid\u00e9s les plus communes dans l\u2019ouest de l\u2019Eurasie, est le r\u00e9servoir de nombreux agents infectieux \u00e0 fort potentiel zoonotique. Cependant, \u00e0 ce jour, il existe peu d\u2019informations sur la structure et la dispersion entre ses populations. Nous avons examin\u00e9 la diff\u00e9rentiation g\u00e9n\u00e9tique entre 39 populations de\u00a0L. michahellis<\/em>\u00a0des fa\u00e7ades atlantiques et m\u00e9diterran\u00e9ennes pour mieux conna\u00eetre les flux g\u00e9niques au sein de l\u2019esp\u00e8ce et faire des pr\u00e9dictions sur la circulation de ses agents infectieux. Nous avons constat\u00e9 que les populations de L. michahellis sont tr\u00e8s structur\u00e9es \u00e0 de vastes \u00e9chelles spatiales, avec la pr\u00e9sence d\u2019au moins trois groupes r\u00e9gionaux isol\u00e9s. Alors que des r\u00e9centes \u00e9tudes relatent des ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes de prospection longue-distance de la part de certains Go\u00e9lands leucoph\u00e9es, nous avons montr\u00e9 que l\u2019essentiel du flux de g\u00e8nes s\u2019\u00e9tablit \u00e0 des distances restreintes (de 5,5 \u00e0 10,6 km de la colonie natale). Sur la base de ces informations, nous avons fait des pr\u00e9dictions sur la diss\u00e9mination des agents infectieux port\u00e9s par l\u2019esp\u00e8ce.<\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : colombine.bartholomee@ird.fr <\/span><\/a>; elsa.beurrier@ird.fr<\/span><\/a> ; ella.marcy@ird.fr ; <\/span><\/a>oc\u00e9ane.rieu@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

<\/strong>– S\u00e9minaire 01\/06\/23 \u00e0 11h00
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\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par GT Equit\u00e9 Diversit\u00e9 de MIVEGEC\u00a0 vid\u00e9o de la conf\u00e9rence d’Isabelle Regner
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M\u00e9canique des st\u00e9r\u00e9otypes<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Isabelle REGNER est Professeure en Psychologie Sociale, Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9 – Vice-Pr\u00e9sidente Egalit\u00e9 Femmes Hommes et Lutte contre les Discriminations – Responsable de l\u2019\u00e9quipe Cognition et Neurosciences Sociales – Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cette conf\u00e9rence pr\u00e9sente des r\u00e9sultats de recherche en psychologie sociale et cognitive qui montrent que les st\u00e9r\u00e9otypes de genre peuvent d\u2019une part, d\u00e9t\u00e9riorer les performances acad\u00e9miques des \u00e9l\u00e8ves, et d\u2019autre part biaiser les jugements et d\u00e9cisions des \u00e9valuateurs et \u00e9valuatrices au moment des promotions et recrutements. Mais, bonne nouvelle, nous pouvons agir sur ces st\u00e9r\u00e9otypes<\/span><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o au lien suivant https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=rdDcJS0-inE<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Lien vers un test simple et rapide des associations implicites<\/strong><\/span> (IAT de Greenwald et al 1998), abord\u00e9 par Isabelle Regner dans sa pr\u00e9sentation : https:\/\/iat.univ-amu.fr\/iat_comite\/indexsciences.php?i=46758&n=65747&p=95012<\/a><\/span><\/span> (il faut entrer le code 0000). Le test ne peut se faire qu’\u00e0 partir d’un ordinateur<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : colombine.bartholomee@ird.fr <\/span><\/a>; elsa.beurrier@ird.fr<\/span><\/a> ; ella.marcy@ird.fr ; <\/span><\/a>oc\u00e9ane.rieu@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

<\/strong>– S\u00e9minaire 11\/05\/23 \u00e0 14h00
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\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Illich MOMBO
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Diverst\u00e9 et risque zoonotique des astrovirus circulant chez les animaux du Gabon<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Les astrovirus (AstVs) sont des virus qui se transmettent par voie oro-f\u00e9cale directe ou indirecte par l\u2019interm\u00e9diaire d\u2019aliments ou d\u2019eau souill\u00e9s. G\u00e9n\u00e9ralement responsables de diarrh\u00e9e particuli\u00e8rement chez les enfants de moins de 5 ans et les personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es, ils peuvent engendrer des complications neurologiques chez les personnes immunod\u00e9prim\u00e9es. Les AstVs appartiennent \u00e0 la famille des Astroviridae qui comporte le genre Mamastrovirus, pour les AstVs de mammif\u00e8res, et le genre Avastrovirus pour ceux des oiseaux. A l\u2019origine, pens\u00e9s comme tr\u00e8s sp\u00e9cifiques \u00e0 chaque esp\u00e8ce h\u00f4te, des d\u00e9couvertes r\u00e9centes ont rapport\u00e9 la possibilit\u00e9 d\u2019un AstV \u00e0 infecter diff\u00e9rentes esp\u00e8ces h\u00f4tes. A cet effet, afin d\u2019am\u00e9liorer les connaissances sur leur distribution, la diversit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et le risque zoonotique potentiel, les AstVs ont \u00e9t\u00e9 recherch\u00e9s par biologie mol\u00e9culaire chez les chauves-souris, les rongeurs primates, les chiens et les petits ruminants en milieu naturel ou \u00e0 l\u2019interface homme\/animal au<\/p>\n

Gabon. Ils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9tect\u00e9s chez les chauves-souris, les primates les rongeurs et les petits ruminants avec des pr\u00e9valences allant de 1,5 \u00e0 7,14%, et une forte diversit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9tique retrouv\u00e9e au sein du genre Mamastrovirus. Ces AstVs \u00e9taient sp\u00e9cifiques \u00e0 leur esp\u00e8ce h\u00f4te ce qui traduit ainsi un faible risque zoonotique. En revanche l\u2019identification HAstV-5, un AstV humain chez un primate a confirm\u00e9 le caract\u00e8re zoonotique de ces virus, toutefois des interrogations demeurent sur leur possibilit\u00e9 \u00e0 retour chez l\u2019homme et ainsi causer des \u00e9pid\u00e9mies de diarrh\u00e9e.<\/span><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : colombine.bartholomee@ird.fr <\/span><\/a>; elsa.beurrier@ird.fr<\/span><\/a> ; ella.marcy@ird.fr ; <\/span><\/a>oc\u00e9ane.rieu@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

<\/strong>– S\u00e9minaire 20\/04\/23 \u00e0 11h00
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\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Sophie TISSOT
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\u00a0Cancer’s vulnerability to food availability is evolutionarity conserved : diet modulates tumorigenesis in both Hydra and zebrafish<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Cancer is a disease that affects the control of cell proliferation in many multicellular lineages.\u00a0\u00a0Nonetheless, little is known about the extent of conservation of the biological traits and ecological factors that promote or inhibit uncontrolled cell proliferation (i.e., tumorigenesis) across the metazoan tree and throughout the evolutionary history of a species. Particularly, changes in food quantity and quality have been linked to increased cancer incidence in humans, an outcome of evolutionary mismatch. Here, we apply evolutionary ecology principles to test the hypothesis whether food availability, regardless of the multicellular lineage considered, should govern tumorigenesis. We used two phylogenetically unrelated model systems, namely the cnidarian\u00a0Hydra oligactis\u00a0and the fish\u00a0Danio rerio\u00a0to investigate the impact of resource availability on tumorigenesis. Healthy individuals (including wild ones for hydra) and individuals from tumor-prone lines were placed on four diets that differed in feeding frequency and quantity. We also used individuals with tumors in early or more advanced stages of tumorigenesis. For both models, frequent overfeeding favored tumor emergence, while lean diets were protective against tumor initiation. When investigating tumor progression, high food availability promoted tumor cell proliferation, whereas low resources controlled tumor progression, but without curing the animals.\u00a0We discuss our results in light of current ideas about the possible conservation of basic processes governing cancer in metazoans (including ancestral life history trade-offs at the cell level) and in the framework of evolutionary medicine.<\/p>\n

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Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Audric BERGER
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Les densovirus : un outil de lutte anti vectoriel id\u00e9al ou faussement prometteur<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aedes albopictus<\/em> et Aedes aegypti<\/em> sont des esp\u00e8ces de moustiques invasives qui prolif\u00e8rent dans les zones tropicales et temp\u00e9r\u00e9es responsable de la transmission de nombreux arbovirus tels que les virus du chikungunya, du Zika et de la dengue. En absence de traitement efficace contre ces maladies, les principales m\u00e9thodes de lutte sont bas\u00e9es essentiellement sur la destruction des g\u00eetes larvaires et les traitements avec des larvicides pour ceux qui ne peuvent pas \u00eatre d\u00e9truits. En cas d’\u00e9pid\u00e9mie, la lutte contre les adultes est \u00e9galement op\u00e9r\u00e9e \u00e0 l’aide d’adulticides. Le d\u00e9veloppement de m\u00e9thodes de lutte alternatives \u00e0 la fois op\u00e9rationnelles et socialement acceptables est donc une n\u00e9cessit\u00e9, l’accepabilit\u00e9 des insecticides \u00e9tant de plus en plus probl\u00e9matique. Parmi ces m\u00e9thodes alternatives, l’utilisation de virus entomopathog\u00e8nes comme moyen de contr\u00f4le des populations est l’une des voies explor\u00e9es. Parmi ces virus se trouve les densovirus. L\u2019infection par les densovirus se fait aux stades larvaires par ingestion de particules virales et peut induire de forte mortalit\u00e9 aux stades larvaires. Cependant l’infection par les densovirus n’est pas l\u00e9tale dans tous les cas ; certains individus survivent \u00e0 l’infection et deviennent des adultes infect\u00e9s. Ces adultes peuvent alors transmettre le virus verticalement \u00e0 leur prog\u00e9niture, ce qui lui permet de se propager vers de nouveaux sites de ponte. Cependant, l’obtention d’adultes infect\u00e9s aux densovirus soul\u00e8ve quelques questions. Pour \u00eatre utilis\u00e9e comme m\u00e9thode de lutte, leur utilisation doit \u00eatre sans danger pour la sant\u00e9 humaine, avoir un impact n\u00e9gligeable sur l’environnement et \u00eatre efficace dans le contr\u00f4le des populations moustique en limitant les effets antagonistes avec les autres m\u00e9thodes de lutte d\u00e9j\u00e0 en place. Je propose de discuter avec vous de l\u2019\u00e9tat des connaissances actuelles sur ce que nous savons d\u00e9j\u00e0 et sur ce qu\u2019il reste \u00e0 d\u00e9couvrir afin de d\u00e9terminer si l\u2019utilisation des densovirus comme m\u00e9thode de lutte est envisageable.\u00a0<\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : colombine.bartholomee@ird.fr <\/span><\/a>; elsa.beurrier@ird.fr<\/span><\/a> ; ella.marcy@ird.fr ; <\/span><\/a>oc\u00e9ane.rieu@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/strong>-S\u00e9minaire 23\/03\/23 \u00e0 11h00
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\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Idalba SERRATO-POMAR
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\u00a0De multiples flavivirus s\u00e9cr\u00e8tent l’ANR flaviviral subg\u00e9nomique anti-immun dans la salive des moustiques<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Les flavivirus transmis par les moustiques sont responsables d’environ 500 millions d’infections dans le monde et causent 250 000 d\u00e9c\u00e8s chaque ann\u00e9e. Parmi eux, le virus du Nil occidental (VNO) et le virus Zika (ZIKV) provoquent ensemble environ 30 000 infections symptomatiques, dont 50 % sont neuroinvasives. Alors que les infections flavivirales sont end\u00e9miques dans les pays tropicaux et subtropicaux, elles sont apparues dans les r\u00e9gions temp\u00e9r\u00e9es telles que l’Europe et l’Am\u00e9rique du Nord au cours de la derni\u00e8re d\u00e9cennie. Malheureusement, il n’existe pas de traitement sp\u00e9cifique ni de vaccin contre le VNO et le ZIKV. La lutte contre les \u00e9pid\u00e9mies se limite aux interventions sur les vecteurs, dont les strat\u00e9gies sont peu efficaces et peu durables dans le temps<\/span>.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

En am\u00e9liorant notre compr\u00e9hension des d\u00e9terminants mol\u00e9culaires de la transmission virale, nous favoriserons le d\u00e9veloppement de nouvelles m\u00e9thodologies de contr\u00f4le. Bien que tous les flavivirus produisent de l’ARN flaviviral subg\u00e9nomique (ARNf) avec des fonctions anti-immunes chez les moustiques et les humains, il reste \u00e0 d\u00e9terminer si la s\u00e9cr\u00e9tion salivaire d’ARNf pour augmenter la transmission est un m\u00e9canisme conserv\u00e9 \u00e0 travers les flavivirus. Pour tester cette hypoth\u00e8se, nous \u00e9tudions la s\u00e9cr\u00e9tion d’ARNf dans les salives de Culex quinquefasciatus et d’Aedes aegypti. Nous avons observ\u00e9 que l’ARNf restait s\u00e9cr\u00e9t\u00e9 dans la salive, prot\u00e9g\u00e9 par la membrane lipidique des v\u00e9sicules extracellulaires, qui pourraient transf\u00e9rer leur chargement aux cellules humaines. Nous \u00e9tudions maintenant si l’ARNf salivaire augmente l’infection des cellules humaines en modifiant la r\u00e9ponse immunitaire. Nous \u00e9mettons l’hypoth\u00e8se que la s\u00e9cr\u00e9tion d’ARNf dans la salive repr\u00e9sente un m\u00e9canisme pan-flaviviral d’am\u00e9lioration de la transmission et donc une cible id\u00e9ale pour l’\u00e9laboration de nouvelles strat\u00e9gies de lutte<\/span><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t\u00a0 ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : colombine.bartholomee@ird.fr <\/span><\/a>; elsa.beurrier@ird.fr<\/span><\/a> ; ella.marcy@ird.fr ; <\/span><\/a>oc\u00e9ane.rieu@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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-S\u00e9minaire 09\/02\/23 \u00e0 11h00
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\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Philippe PAGET-BAILLY
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\u00a0Expression g\u00e9nique des Papillomavirus Humains oncog\u00e8nes<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Les Papilllomavirus humains (HPV) oncog\u00e8nes induisent de nombreux cancers dans la sph\u00e8re ORL et ano-g\u00e9nitale. Les g\u00e9notypes 16 et 18 sont responsables de 91 % de ces cancers. au niveau mol\u00e9culaire, la carcinogen\u00e8se fait intervenir les oncoprot\u00e9ines virales E6 et E7. Les HPV oncog\u00e8nes produisent dans les cellules infect\u00e9es un ARNm bicistronique contenant les deux ORF en tandem, E6 puis E7. Or la machinerie traductionnelle cellulaire n’est pas adapt\u00e9e \u00e0 cette configuration. Il est propos\u00e9 que l’\u00e9pissage dans l’ORF E6, puisse favoriser la traduction de E7 en aval. Notre objectif a donc \u00e9t\u00e9 de d\u00e9terminer lequel de ces ARNm, \u00e9piss\u00e9s ou non, est utilis\u00e9 pour produire l’oncoprot\u00e9ine E7.
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Pour ce faire, nous avons exprim\u00e9 dans la lign\u00e9e U2OS soit l’ensemble des ARNm \u00e9piss\u00e9 ou non, soit uniquement l’ARNm non \u00e9piss\u00e9 E6E7, soit uniquement l’ARNm \u00e9piss\u00e9 appel\u00e9 E6*IE7 des g\u00e9notypes 16 et 18. La s\u00e9quence de l’eGFP a \u00e9t\u00e9 fusionn\u00e9 en C-ter de E7 dans les constructions plasmidiques utilis\u00e9es afin de servir de marqueur de l’efficacit\u00e9 de traduction de E7. La production des diff\u00e9rents ARNm et prot\u00e9ines HPV a enfin \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tudi\u00e9 par RT-qPCR, western-blotting et cytom\u00e9trie en flux. <\/span><\/p>\n

Les niveaux d’expression de E7-GFP normalis\u00e9es par les taux de transcrits montrent de mani\u00e8re significative que les transcrits \u00e9piss\u00e9s sont plus efficace pour traduire E7 que les transcrits non-\u00e9piss\u00e9s. Ces r\u00e9sultats, indiquent que chez les HPV 16 et 18 l’\u00e9pissage ser effectivement \u00e0 r\u00e9guler positivement l’expressionde l’oncoprot\u00e9ine E7.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t\u00a0 ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : colombine.bartholomee@ird.fr <\/span><\/a>; elsa.beurrier@ird.fr<\/span><\/a> ; ella.marcy@ird.fr ; <\/span><\/a>oc\u00e9ane.rieu@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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S\u00e9minaire 16\/02\/23 \u00e0 11h00
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\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Pina Brinker
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\u00a0Complex intercations in a host-symbiont-microbiome triangle : <\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>the wasp Asobara japonica<\/em>, the endosymbiont wolbachia<\/em> and the remainder microbiome <\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Recent research on microbial communities suggests that symbiont-induced phenotypes are not caused by the symbiont alone but in interaction with the remainder host microbiome. Therefore, studies should include the inclusion of microbe-microbe and host-microbe interactions into host-symbiont studies to fully understand symbbiosis, but also how microbe ommunities are shaped and maintained. We investigated the tripartite interaction between the endosymbiont Wolbachia, its host, the parasitic wasp Asobara japonica<\/em>, and the remainder microbiome. Wolbachia<\/em> infection in these wasps causesasexual reproduction, wich can occasionally fail, potentially due to microbe-microbe or host-microbe intercations. By investigating the complex intercations beteween host genotype, bacterial community composition and symbiont status in the field and experiementally, we showed that the symbiont-induced reproductive phenotype is executed in close interaction with the host genotype and the remainder microbiome and that these intercations can be effect by environmental changes. With that we could an important first step to deepening our understanding of this tripartite intercation.\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t\u00a0 ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : colombine.bartholomee@ird.fr <\/span><\/a>; elsa.beurrier@ird.fr<\/span><\/a> ; ella.marcy@ird.fr ; <\/span><\/a>oc\u00e9ane.rieu@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0S\u00e9minaire 09\/02\/23 \u00e0 11h00
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\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par H\u00e9l\u00e9na LADREYT
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Mod\u00e9lisation de l’exposition humaine potentielle au virus de l’enc\u00e9phalite japonaise (JEV) en cas d’introduction \u00e0 La R\u00e9union<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Les Le virus de l’enc\u00e9phalite japonaise (JEV) est un virus zoonotique \u00e0 transmission vectorielle et la principale cause d’enc\u00e9phalite aigu\u00eb humaine en Asie. Les nombreux \u00e9changes commerciaux et humains entre l’Asie du Sud-Est et l’\u00eele de La R\u00e9union, une \u00eele fran\u00e7aise situ\u00e9e dans l’oc\u00e9an Indien, suscitent des inqui\u00e9tudes quant \u00e0 l’introduction du JEV sur l’\u00eele o\u00f9 les vecteurs potentiels du JEV (Culex quiquefasciatus<\/em> et Culex tritaeniorhynchus<\/em>) et des h\u00f4tes amplificateurs tels que les porcs sont pr\u00e9sents. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 suppos\u00e9 que chacune des 256 exploitations porcines r\u00e9unionnaises abritait une population de Culex supp.<\/em> et formait une unit\u00e9 \u00e9pid\u00e9miologique avec les h\u00f4tes comp\u00e9tents-porcs et volailles – et les h\u00f4tes non comp\u00e9tents- humains, chiens et bovins- situ\u00e9s dans un rayon de 1 km (distance moyenne de vol d’un Culex spp <\/em>). nous avons utilis\u00e9 un mod\u00e8le d\u00e9terministe compartiment\u00e9, d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 et valid\u00e9 au Cambodge ( o\u00f9 l’EJ est end\u00e9mique) et adapt\u00e9 au contexte de l’\u00eele d e La R\u00e9union afin d’\u00e9tudier si ces unit\u00e9s \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques pouvaient \u00eatre envahies par le JEV en cas d’introduction sur l’\u00eele.
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La vid\u00e9o ici<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : colombine.bartholomee@ird.fr <\/span><\/a>; elsa.beurrier@ird.fr<\/span><\/a> ; ella.marcy@ird.fr ; <\/span><\/a>oc\u00e9ane.rieu@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0S\u00e9minaire 26\/01\/23 \u00e0 11h00
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\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Amandine Cournil<\/strong><\/p>\n

Recherches impliquant la personne humaine (RIPH) dans le domaine de la sant\u00e9 : r\u00e9glementation, bonnes pratiques et cellule d’appui IRD<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Les recherches dans le domaine de la sant\u00e9 humaine font l’objet d’un encadreement et d’une r\u00e9gleentation sp\u00e9cifiques. Il est important d’identifier, d\u00e8s les phases de conceptionet d emontage de sprojets, le cadre r\u00e9glementaire de la recherche afin d’anticiper et de faciliter le processus des d\u00e9p\u00f4ts \u00e9thiques et r\u00e9glementaires. Pour accompagner les unit\u00e9s dans ces d\u00e9marches, une cellule d’appui d\u00e9di\u00e9e aux recherches impliquant la personne humaine (RIPH) a \u00e9t\u00e9 mise en place \u00e0 l’IRD.
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La pr\u00e9sentation en format PDF ici<\/a>.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : colombine.bartholomee@ird.fr <\/span><\/a>; elsa.beurrier@ird.fr<\/span><\/a> ; ella.marcy@ird.fr ; <\/span><\/a>oc\u00e9ane.rieu@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.17.4″ vertical_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Annul\u00e9\u00a0 S\u00e9minaire 12\/01\/23 \u00e0 11h00 report\u00e9 au 16\/02
<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Pina Brinker
<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Complex intercations in a host-symbiont-microbiome triangle : <\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>the wasp Asobara japonica<\/em>, the endosymbiont wolbachia<\/em> and the remainder microbiome <\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Recent research on microbial communities suggests that symbiont-induced phenotypes are not caused by the symbiont alone but in interaction with the remainder host microbiome. Therefore, studies should include the inclusion of microbe-microbe and host-microbe interactions into host-symbiont studies to fully understand symbbiosis, but also how microbe ommunities are shaped and maintained. We investigated the tripartite interaction between the endosymbiont Wolbachia, its host, the parasitic wasp Asobara japonica<\/em>, and the remainder microbiome. Wolbachia<\/em> infection in these wasps causesasexual reproduction, wich can occasionally fail, potentially due to microbe-microbe or host-microbe intercations. By investigating the complex intercations beteween host genotype, bacterial community composition and symbiont status in the field and experiementally, we showed that the symbiont-induced reproductive phenotype is executed in close interaction with the host genotype and the remainder microbiome and that these intercations can be effect by environmental changes. With that we could an important first step to deepening our understanding of this tripartite intercation.\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t\u00a0 ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : colombine.bartholomee@ird.fr <\/span><\/a>; elsa.beurrier@ird.fr<\/span><\/a> ; ella.marcy@ird.fr ; <\/span><\/a>oc\u00e9ane.rieu@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 S\u00e9minaire 08\/12\/22 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par R\u00e9my Froissart
<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Dossiers \u00ab\u00a0APA\u00a0\u00bbpour nos projets : quoi ? qui ? comment ?<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

La convention sur la diversit\u00e9 biologique puis le protocole de Nagoya ont mis en place une r\u00e9glementation concernant l’acc\u00e8s et le partage des avantages d\u00e9coulant de l’utilisation des ressources g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques et des connaissances traditionnelles associ\u00e9es (nomm\u00e9 simplement \u00ab\u00a0APA\u00a0\u00bb). apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 adopt\u00e9 par de nombreux pays dans le monde (chaque pays ayant ses propres l\u00e9gislations), il convient d\u00e9sormais d’entamer les d\u00e9marches diff\u00e9renci\u00e9es, selon que les \u00e9chantillons sont collect\u00e9s dans notre pays (France) ou dans des pays tiers. dans ce dernier cas, un PIC et un MAT doivent \u00eatre n\u00e9cessairement mis en place, ainsi qu’une DDD( notez que le MTA n’est pas concern\u00e9 par l’APA m\u00eame s’il peut \u00eatre n\u00e9cessaire)! Attention, cette r\u00e9glementation est obligatoire pour tout projet depuis 2014 (voir r\u00e9tro-actif) et est p\u00e9nalement r\u00e9pr\u00e9hensible en cas d'\u00a0\u00bboubli\u00a0\u00bb. Alors, pour comprendre les d\u00e9marches \u00e0 faire, comprendre ces acronymes, conna\u00eetre vos correspondant-e-s APA, il faut venir \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sentation !<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o\u00a0 ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : thibaut.langlois@ird.fr<\/a> <\/a><\/span>; margaux.lefebvre@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; <\/span><\/span><\/a>sophie.tissot@ird.fr\u00a0<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.17.4″ vertical_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

S\u00e9minaire 01\/12\/22 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par S\u00e9bastien Avizou
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\u00a0QIAcuity, la solutiondPCR en Nanoplaques<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

Programme ici\u00a0<\/a> <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o\u00a0 ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : thibaut.langlois@ird.fr<\/a> <\/a><\/span>; margaux.lefebvre@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; <\/span><\/span><\/a>sophie.tissot@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.17.4″ vertical_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

S\u00e9minaire 24\/11\/22 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Elena Arsevska
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\u00a0MOOD project, co-conception of tools and services for epidemic intelligence with European national public and animal health agencies<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

With climate change, animal and human mobility, growing populations and urbanization, there is an increased risk of the emergence<\/b> and accelerated global spread of new pathogens<\/b>. It is crucial that the emergence of a pathogen can be rapidly detected and assessed for the risk it poses to public health through all the available sources of data. <\/span><\/p>\n

With the funds provided by the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 \u2018Research and innovation programme, the MOOD project aims at taking advantage of data mining, analysis and visualization of health, environmental and other data to enhance the utility of event-based surveillance (EBS)<\/b>. Ultimately, MOOD is supporting the work of European and global public and animal health agencies and surveillance practitioners<\/b> by providing existing monitoring platforms<\/b> with novel features, and methodological and practical support adapted to their needs.<\/p>\n

This talk will present the MOOD project (https:\/\/mood-h2020.eu\/<\/a><\/span><\/span>), and some of its recent developments and activities, such as the state of the art epidemic intelligence and user needs at health agencies, the multisectoral disease risk mapping groups, covariates and surveillance of media (https:\/\/mood-h2020.eu\/mood-platform\/<\/a><\/span><\/span>), to support the epidemic intelligence in Europe.<\/p>\n

The projects will provide a series of talks, regarding all abovementioned topics in the months to follow<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o\u00a0 ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : thibaut.langlois@ird.fr<\/a> <\/a><\/span>; margaux.lefebvre@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; <\/span><\/span><\/a>sophie.tissot@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.17.4″ vertical_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

S\u00e9minaire 15\/11\/22 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Florian Trigodet
<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Microbial genomic dynamism : an upside-down story of closely related microbial populations <\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Microbial ecology relies on the simplificationof the microbial diversity into discrete entities. such entities, whether they are pa,genomes, taxon names, amplicons sequence variants, or population genomes, enable quantitative and qualitative invecstigations as we seek to understand the interplay between microbes and their environnemt. Due ti challenges associated with popular computational strategies and sequencing technologies, phenotypes of such discrete entities are de facto assumed to remain conserved accross environments, despite decades of research that shows that heritable and non-heritable genetic alterations can rapidy change lifestyles of individual microbial populations in short evolutionary times cales.Here we used genome-resolved metagenomics, long-read sequencing and fecal microbiota transplantation to investigate rapid genomc alterations to donor microbial populations as they colonize distinct recipients.Our analyses reveal significant alterations to donor microbial population genomes in FMT recipients within weeks through multiple distinct mechanism, such as transfer of mobile genetic elements, inversions, and diversity generating retroelements.Among our results, Bacteroides fragilis and Akkermansia muciniphila were the most dynamic populations with genomic inversions disrupting and re-organizing open-reading frames of a restriction modification system as well as promoter inversions regulating membrane related genes. Our findings show that characterizing genomic dynamism within complex ecosystems is quite underestimated at the moment, despite the massive functional implications of such events.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o\u00a0 ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : thibaut.langlois@ird.fr<\/a> <\/a><\/span>; margaux.lefebvre@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; <\/span><\/span><\/a>sophie.tissot@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.17.4″ vertical_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

S\u00e9minaire 17\/10\/22 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Leo UCHIDA
<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zika Virus Potential Vectors among Aedes Mosquitoes and viral varia,ts constructed in mosquitoes -Arbovirus research in Hokkaido, Japan-<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Recently in Japan several autochthonous and\/or imported vector-borne viral diseases have been reported, such as Dengue, Zika, and Tick-borne encephalitis. In this seminar, I would like to introduce our research activity regarding tick- and mosquito-borne viral diseases in our laboratory.
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is one of the zoonotic diseases caused by tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), which belongs to family Flaviviridae. In 2016, a second domestic TBE case was reported in Hokkaido, Japan, after an absence of 23 years. To evaluate the role of wild animals, we conducted a serosurvey for TBEV on deer and raccoon sera, and their infection rates were 2.2% and 10.7%, respectively. The virus isolation from field ticks was not succeeded, but novel tick-specific viral genes belong Phenuiviridae were detected.
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a rapidly expanding mosquito-borne Flavivirus that causes febrile illness in humans. Aedes aegypti<\/i> and Ae. albopictus<\/i> are the primary ZIKV vectors; however, the potential vector competence of other Aedes mosquitoes distributed in northern Japan are not yet known. We evaluated ZIKV susceptibility of Ae. japonicus<\/i>, a recent invasive mosquito species which originated in Asia, and clarified ZIKV can propagate in Ae. japonicus<\/i> however, their infection rate and dissemination rate are lower than in Ae. aegypti<\/i> and Ae. albopictus<\/i>. In another experiment, to evaluate the viral adaptation to the mosquitoes, the temporal change of genetic variants of ZIKV propagated in mosquitoes was evaluated by Next generation sequencing. The variant structure of ZIKV changed with time, and specific amino acid changes accumulated in the viral envelope region.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : thibaut.langlois@ird.fr<\/a> <\/a><\/span>; margaux.lefebvre@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; <\/span><\/span><\/a>sophie.tissot@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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S\u00e9minaire 13\/10\/22 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Giacimo ZILIO
<\/strong><\/p>\n

Eco-evolutionary feedbacks during experimental epidemic waves, or there and back again<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Spreading epidemics resemble biological invasions in that eco-evolutionary dynamics can foster the rapid emergence of spatial patterns of trait variation. Similar to organisms at range expansion fronts, parasites at the front of an epidemic wave may evolve higher transmissibility and higher virulence, thus accelerating their rate of spatial spread. However, the opposite prediction may hold if virulence compromises the capacity of infected hosts to disperse. Moreover, little is known about whether such outcomes are modulated by concurrent host evolution, potentially changing eco-evolutionary feedbacks and disease spread.
We investigated the interplay between epidemiology and evolution in interconnected microcosms of the ciliate Paramecium caudatum<\/i> and its bacterial parasite Holospora undulata<\/i>. Two long-term treatments mimicked spatially progressing populations, where infected and uninfected hosts at the front reached new patches through active swimming or passively in randomly picked groups. Evolved parasites and hosts showed differences in traits determining the epidemiological potential (parasite R0, virulence, resistance) and spatial spread (host dispersal). Overall, these evolutionary changes affected the speed of the epidemic itself.
In the light of global alteration of habitats and increasing opportunities for dispersal, a spatial eco-evolutionary perspective is therefore crucial. As simplified abstractions of the real world, such experiments can (i) inform on how different spatial ecological scenarios shape host and parasite trait evolution during an epidemic, and (ii) help to assess the impact of such different evolutionary histories on the spatial spread of disease.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o\u00a0 ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : thibaut.langlois@ird.fr<\/a> <\/a><\/span>; margaux.lefebvre@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; <\/span><\/span><\/a>sophie.tissot@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.17.4″ vertical_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

S\u00e9minaire 21\/06\/22 \u00e0 15h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Marine Petit
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Learning from the genes: a transcriptomic approach to bunyavirus-tick cells interactions<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ticks are vectors of several emergent and re-emergent arboviruses across the world representing an important public health threat. The recent rise of tick-borne virus diseases in human population is associated with the impact of global warming on tick population and life cycle. To prevent such infections, we need novel vector-based control strategies requiring a better understanding of vector-virus interactions at the molecular level.<\/span><\/p>\n

My research project focusses on the characterization of intra-cellular interactions between Dabie bandavirus (SFTSV) and one of its tick vectors, Rhipicephalus microplus<\/em>. We aim to use system biology approach to describe how bunyavirus establish commensal infection within tick cells. We established a novel protocol to efficiently remove ribosomal RNAs from tick cell derived total RNAs, increasing the coverage and depth of our RNA sequencing. Strong of this new method we are comparing mock and SFTSV infected samples to unravel pro- and anti-viral factors\/pathways in tick cells. Excitingly, our results demonstrate the essential arthropod genes required by SFTSV to initiate and establish infection in tick cell cultures.<\/span><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t\u00a0 ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : thibaut.langlois@ird.fr<\/a> <\/a><\/span>; margaux.lefebvre@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; <\/span><\/span><\/a>sophie.tissot@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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S\u00e9minaire 15\/06\/22 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Jacint T\u00f6k\u00f6lyi
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Sex & death in hydra<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

The freshwater cnidarian hydra has unlimited regenaration capacities and is estimated to be able to survive for centuries without showing signs of senescence. Yet, one of the hydra species (Hydra oligactis) undergoes quick senescence following sexual reproduction wich consists of regenration loss, stem cell depletion and accelerated morttality. The aim of our research is to understand the ecological factors and physiological machanisms behind behind postreproductive senescence in H.oligactis, as well as it’s broader relationship with ohter physiological processes, such as tumor development.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o\u00a0 ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : thibaut.langlois@ird.fr<\/a> <\/a><\/span>; margaux.lefebvre@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; <\/span><\/span><\/a>sophie.tissot@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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S\u00e9minaire 19\/05\/22 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Justine Boutry
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Host-tumor interaction in Hydra oligactis <\/em>description of tumors in field derivated<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Les Since few decades, evolutionary biologist started to considor tumors as parasites interacting with their host. In this context, hydra oligactis<\/em> (cnidarian) became a valuable biological model since reporting the first case of naturally occuring tumors in hydras (Domazet-Loso et al.2014). Two strains raised in the laboratory since several years started to developed spontaneous tumors.These tumors have the ability to be transmissible through asexual reproduction (i.ebudding) and one kind of tumor is associated with a shift in its microbiome (Rthje et al.2022). Following this perspective, we used this model to publish the first experimental proof of an impact of tumor formation on biotic intercations within ecosystems. However, even if these tumorous hydras are studied in an experimental context, the extent to which this phenomenon can be present in the natural environment remains to be determined. The purpose of the present work is to methodically describe different cases of individuals from filed derivate strains that present tumefaction. To compare their phenotypic manifestations, their histological features, and potential microbiome modifications with the tumors already described in laboratory strains.\u00a0This study is crucial to understand how important or insignificant my PhD is.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par\u00a0 Hans Schrieke<\/strong><\/p>\n

The mosquito microbiome includes habitat-specific but rare symbiont<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Les changements globaux actuels favorisent la prolif\u00e9ration des moustiques qui constituent une menace pour la sant\u00e9 globale. Pour faire face \u00e0 l\u2019absence de vaccins et l\u2019apparition de r\u00e9sistances aux insecticides, de nouvelles m\u00e9thodes de biocontr\u00f4le ont \u00e9merg\u00e9. Certaines reposent sur l’utilisation de bact\u00e9ries endosymbiotiques (i.e. Wolbachia) qui jouent un r\u00f4le important dans les fonctions cl\u00e9s de leur h\u00f4te (d\u00e9veloppement, reproduction, nutrition, comp\u00e9tition avec d\u2019\u00e9ventuels pathog\u00e8nes, etc.). Or le microbiote des moustiques est souvent domin\u00e9 par un symbionte, ce qui rend difficile la d\u00e9tection de taxons rares mais potentiellement importants. La plupart des \u00e9tudes de s\u00e9quen\u00e7age haut-d\u00e9bit utilisent des m\u00e9thodes de clustering bas\u00e9es sur un seuil arbitraire d\u2019homologie de 97 ou 98%, omettant ainsi la pr\u00e9sence de variants tr\u00e8s proches. Je vous pr\u00e9senterai nos r\u00e9sultats sur l’\u00e9tude de la diversit\u00e9 des communaut\u00e9s bact\u00e9riennes des moustiques. Nous avons amplifi\u00e9 la r\u00e9gion V3-V4 du g\u00e8ne codant pour l\u2019ARN ribosomique 16S (metabarcoding) et utilis\u00e9 des approches supervis\u00e9es (MED) et non-supervis\u00e9es (Oligotyping) bas\u00e9es sur l’entropie de Shannon pour discriminer les s\u00e9quences d\u2019ADN. Cette \u00e9tude nous a permis de mettre en \u00e9vidence la pr\u00e9sence de nouveaux variants bact\u00e9riens chez diff\u00e9rents taxons au sein d\u2019un m\u00eame individu. La plupart de ces variants sont tr\u00e8s proches, ne diff\u00e9rant parfois que d\u2019un seul nucl\u00e9otide, rares et sp\u00e9cifiques de certains habitats.<\/span><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : thibaut.langlois@ird.fr<\/a> <\/a><\/span>; margaux.lefebvre@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; <\/span><\/span><\/a>sophie.tissot@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0S\u00e9minaire 12\/05\/22 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Ad\u00e8le Mennerat
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Histoire de vie, dispersion et appariement chez Lepeiophtheirus salmonis<\/em>, un parasite soumis \u00e0 de fortes pressions anthropiques e<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Les activit\u00e9s humaines changent l’environnement des parasites, non seulement directement via traitements et vaccins, mais aussi indirectement en modifiant la d\u00e9mographie des populations d’h\u00f4tes. Une activit\u00e9 majeure combinant ces deux types d’effets est l’\u00e9levage intensif moderne, caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par le maintien de fortes densit\u00e9s d’h\u00f4tes et des traitements syst\u00e9matis\u00e9s. Pour les parasites ceci repr\u00e9sente un changement environnemental consid\u00e9rable, mais dont les cons\u00e9quences \u00e9volutives sont encore peu explor\u00e9es. Pour \u00e9tudier la question nous utilisons comme mod\u00e8le d’\u00e9tude un parasite \u00e0 transmission directe, le ‘pou’ du saumon. Dans ce s\u00e9minaire, elle vous pr\u00e9sentera le projet en cours, ainsi que les r\u00e9sultats r\u00e9cents concernant l’effet de la densit\u00e9 d’h\u00f4tes sur l’histoire de vie, l’appariement et la dispersion chez ce parasite. elle discutera enfin des traits des parasites qui peuvent \u00eatre soumis \u00e0 forte s\u00e9lection anthropique, au-del\u00e0 de la virulence et d e la r\u00e9sistance aux traitements.<\/span><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o\u00a0 ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : thibaut.langlois@ird.fr<\/a> <\/a><\/span>; margaux.lefebvre@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; <\/span><\/span><\/a>sophie.tissot@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0S\u00e9minaire 05\/05\/22 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Mirc\u00e9a Sofonea
<\/strong><\/p>\n

Real-time quantitative epidemiology & modeling of an emerging infectious disease – a French retrospective on SARS-CoV-2<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Les SARS-Cov-2 virus has spread over the world rapidity creating one of the largest pandemic ever. The absence of immunity, presymptomatic transmission, and the relatively high level of virulence of the COVID-19 infection led to a massive flow of patients in critical care units (CCU). This unprecedented situation called for rapid and accurate mathematical models to best inform public health policies. Here, we introduce an original discrete-time model- developped in March 2020 and gradually improved since – that combines the computational ans tractability of deterministic systems and the short-term accuracy of non-Markovian dynamics, taking into account the effect of age of infecion on the natural history of the disease. by analysing the hospital time series of COVID-19 in France, we were able to provide early estimates of the main epidemiological parameters with only limited publicly available data. Since the, the model provided an everyday robust framework used o nowcast the epidemic in France, investigate counterfactual scenarios of public health interventions and anticipate CCU overload, while gradualy updatinghospital care kinetics, variant of concern dynamics and vaccine rollout. The model translated into an online forecasting application and serveral published projections and support to decisison-making at both local and national scale. In the light of almost two years of the pandemic, we review the real-time improvement history of the model and its related communication and implications with health institutions, authorities and medias.
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Ce s\u00e9minaire sera pr\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 d’une minute verte pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par MIVEGEC1point5.<\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : thibaut.langlois@ird.fr<\/a> <\/a><\/span>; margaux.lefebvre@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; <\/span><\/span><\/a>sophie.tissot@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0S\u00e9minaire 21\/04\/22 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Ad\u00e8le Mennerat
<\/strong><\/p>\n

Histoire de vie, dispersion et appariement chez Lepeiphtheirus salmonis<\/em>, un parasite soumis \u00e0 de forte pressions anthropiques<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Les activit\u00e9s humaines changent l’environnement des parasites, non seulement directement via traitements et vaccins, mais aussi indirectement en modifiant la d\u00e9mographie des populations h\u00f4tes.Une activit\u00e9 majeure combinant ces deux types d’effets est l’\u00e9levage intensif moderne, caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par le maintien de fortes densit\u00e9s d’h\u00f4tes et des traitements syst\u00e9matis\u00e9s. Pour les parasites ceci repr\u00e9sente un changement environnemental consid\u00e9rable, mais dont les cons\u00e9quences \u00e9volutives sont encore peu explor\u00e9es. Pour \u00e9tudier la question nous utilisons comme mod\u00e8le d’\u00e9tude un parasite \u00e0 transmission directe, le ‘pou’ du saumon. Dans ce s\u00e9minaire, je vous pr\u00e9senterai le projet en cours, ainsi que nos r\u00e9sultats r\u00e9cents concernant l’effet de la densit\u00e9 d’h\u00f4tes sur l’histoire de vie, l’appariement et la dispersion chez ce parasite. Je discuterai enfin des traits des parasites qui peuvent \u00eatre soumis \u00e0 forte s\u00e9lection anthropique, au del\u00e0 de la virulence et de la r\u00e9sistance aux traitements.
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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : thibaut.langlois@ird.fr<\/a> <\/a><\/span>; margaux.lefebvre@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; <\/span><\/span><\/a>sophie.tissot@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 S\u00e9minaire 07\/04\/22 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Rams\u00e8s Djidjou-Demasse
<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mathematical models of Antimicrobial Resistance :from qualitative to quantitative resistance<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Antimicrobial efficacy is traditionally described by a single value, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), which is the lowest concentration that prevents visible growth of the bacterial population. As a consequance, bacteria are classically qualitatively categorized as resistant if therapeutic concentrations are below MIC and susceptible otherwise. However, there is continuity in the space of the bacterial resistance levels. Here, we introduce a model of within-host evolutionof resistance under treatment thaht considers resistance as a continuous quantitative trait, describing the level of resistance of the bacterial population. The use of integro-differential equations allows to simultaneously track the dynamics of the bacterial population size and the evolution of its level of resistance. <\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : thibaut.langlois@ird.fr<\/a> <\/a><\/span>; margaux.lefebvre@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; <\/span><\/span><\/a>sophie.tissot@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 S\u00e9minaire 24\/03\/22 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Katherine Worsley-Tonks <\/span><\/span>
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Surveillance et contr\u00f4le de la rage canine dans les milieux ruraux du Kenya- Explorationde nouvelles approches pour l’\u00e9liminationdans les communaut\u00e9s pastorales<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Chaque ann\u00e9e la rage tue plus de 59 000personnes dans le monde, dont 99% des d\u00e9c\u00e9s humains en Afrique et en Asie sont suites \u00e0 des morsures de chiens enrag\u00e9s. L’Organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9 et ses partenaires se sont fix\u00e9s l’objectif de mettre fin aux d\u00e9c\u00e9s dus \u00e0 la rage canine d’ici 2030.\u00a0 Un tel objectif s’est traduit par une augmentation des effaorts de vaccination contre la rage canine \u00e0 travers le monde. Cependant, la couverture vaccinale de 70% n\u00e9cessaire pour contr\u00f4ler la rage chez les chiens domestiques peut \u00eatre difficile \u00e0 atteindre dans le spays \u00e0 revenu faible ou interm\u00e9diaire (PRFI), en particulier dans les zones rurales difficiles d’acc\u00e8s et aux ressources limit\u00e9es. De plus, bien que les efforts de vaccination aient augment\u00e9, les efforts de contr\u00f4le et de surveillance restent insuffisants dans de nombreux PRFI, en particulier dans les zones recul\u00e9es et rurales. Dans le cadres de ce s\u00e9minaire, je pr\u00e9senterai mes recherches en cours sur la rage visant \u00e0 optimiser les efforts de contr\u00f4le et de surveillance dans la r\u00e9gion de Laikipia au centre du Kenya, o\u00f9 pr\u00e9dominent les communaut\u00e9s pastorales et agro-pastorales. Le s\u00e9minaire sera donc divis\u00e9 en deux parties- une premi\u00e8re abordant le potentiel de vaccination cibl\u00e9e dans les populations rurales de chiens domestiques, et l’autre explorant de nouvelles approches pour am\u00e9liorer la surveillance de la rage dans les zones rurales, comme l’utilisation de la surveillance syndromique par t\u00e9l\u00e9phone portable. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : thibaut.langlois@ird.fr<\/a> <\/a><\/span>; margaux.lefebvre@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; <\/span><\/span><\/a>sophie.tissot@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 S\u00e9minaire 17\/03\/22 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Romain Duda
<\/strong><\/p>\n

Interactions humains-animaux et maladies \u00e9mergentes\u00a0: Perspective anthropologique<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Comprendre les zoonoses n\u00e9cessite de s’int\u00e9resser aux contextes \u00e9cologiques et culturels dans lesquelles elles \u00e9mergent et donc aux interactions humains-animaux, fr\u00e9quemment \u00e9voqu\u00e9es comme facteur d’\u00e9mergence de maladies. Les sciences sociales ont un r\u00f4le essentiel \u00e0 jouer dans l\u2019\u00e9tude de ces interactions et de la sant\u00e9 des communaut\u00e9s \u00ab\u00a0multi-esp\u00e8ces\u00a0\u00bb. D\u2019un c\u00f4t\u00e9, l\u2019anthropologie m\u00e9dicale \u00e9tudie l\u2019exp\u00e9rience des populations humaines face \u00e0 la maladie, en analysant des r\u00e9cits qui \u00e9chappent souvent aux donn\u00e9es issues d\u2019enqu\u00eates \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques. Elle permet de mettre en lumi\u00e8re les \u00e9carts existants entre les \u00e9tiologies scientifiques et populaires et ainsi d\u2019initier des dialogues entre diff\u00e9rentes formes de savoirs. L\u2019anthropologie environnementale, quant \u00e0 elle, int\u00e8gre dans son analyse les rapports aux animaux et \u00e0 l\u2019environnement afin de mieux comprendre la convergence des processus menant aux \u00e9mergences zoonotiques de maladies et \u00e0 leur propagation dans des contextes sociaux d\u00e9finis.<\/p>\n

L\u2019intervention reviendra sur les diff\u00e9rentes contributions des sciences sociales \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude des maladies \u00e9mergentes, puis prendra appui sur un terrain de recherche en R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo\u00a0o\u00f9 l\u2019anthropologie est mobilis\u00e9e pour examiner l\u2019interface humain-animal. Dans ce projet (MICROTONE<\/em>, Institut Pasteur) des m\u00e9thodes d’\u00e9cologie animale et de m\u00e9tag\u00e9nomique sont coupl\u00e9es \u00e0 une collecte de donn\u00e9es participatives pour rendre compte des types et des fr\u00e9quences de contacts. Dans cette entreprise, l\u2019approche anthropologique est centrale pour comprendre la diversit\u00e9 de ces modes d\u2019engagement et pour comprendre les facteurs facilitant ou emp\u00eachant d\u2019\u00e9ventuels flux viraux et microbiens entre humains et animaux. Elle montre ainsi qu\u2019elle compl\u00e9mentaire aux approches \u00e9cologiques et \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques pour \u00e9tudier les \u00e9mergences de maladies zoonotiques.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La vid\u00e9o ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : thibaut.langlois@ird.fr<\/a> <\/a><\/span>; margaux.lefebvre@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; <\/span><\/span><\/a>sophie.tissot@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 S\u00e9minaire 17\/02\/22 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Josquin Daron
<\/strong><\/p>\n

The evolutionary history of Anophelees coluzzi in Gabon: Local adaptationin the face of strong gene flow<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

From a population genetic perspective, local adaptation in spatially heterogeneous environments results from the balance between genetic drift, local selection, mutation, and migration. Here, we study the interplay among these different evolutionary forces and the population demographic history in Anophele coluzzii<\/i> along an ecological gradient marked by different levels of anthropization. In Africa, mosquitoes of the An. gambiae<\/i> complex are the main vector of malaria parasite transmission, causing ~445,000 deaths each year, especially among children under the age of 5. In order to achieve complete elimination of malaria, it is critical to understand the remarkable ability of Anopheles mosquitoes to adapt to new environments, which allow them to be present almost everywhere in sub-Saharan Africa. We first sequenced the whole genome of 96 individuals inhabiting three distinct habitats in Gabon including the wild savanna\/forest and a rural village in the La Lope National park, and the nearby major city of Libreville. We identified 5.7 millions of single nucleotide polymorphism across the genome. Using population genomic approaches, we investigated the population structure, connectivity, and demographic history of these individuals to then characterize signature of natural selection possibly involved in their adaptation to each of these distinct environments. We found evidence of distinctive signals of selection across the genome between these populations, suggesting that local adaptation is occurring in these populations, despite their close geographic proximity and high connectivity. Therefore, even if theory predicts that local adaptation is difficult in presence of high homogenizing effect of gene flow, the present study highlights a certain number of conditions permitting it<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : thibaut.langlois@ird.fr<\/a> <\/a><\/span>; margaux.lefebvre@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; sophie.tissot@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 S\u00e9minaire 20\/01\/22 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par Priscille Barreaux<\/strong><\/p>\n

Impact of insecticide resistance on the efficacy of malaria vector control<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Standard WHO insecticide resistance monitoring assays are designed for resistance surveillance and do not necessarily provide insight into how different frequencies, mechanisms or intensities of resistance affect insecticidal nets (ITNs) efficacy. Besides, WHO assays leave out the most important parameters for malaria transmission: longevity, blood feeding success and biting rate. Since these parameters affect the ability of mosquitoes to transmit malaria, they should be an integral part of ITNs evaluation. We assessed the efficacy of different ITNs with <\/span>field-derived\u00a0<\/span>Anopheles gambiae\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/i>s.l. mosquitoes\u00a0<\/span><\/span>exhibiting moderate to extremely high pyrethroid resistance<\/span>. First, we quantified the impact of multiple ITN exposures in varying environmental conditions (e.g. net quality, host availability, larval diets, etc.) on the ability to survive several gonotrophic cycles and we explored further the mediating effect of taking one or more blood meals. The presence of an ITN immediately reduces host searching and blood feeding in short distance assays and surviving mosquitoes do not necessarily go through additional gonotrophic cycles, either because they die before the next one, or because of a lower ability to take blood meals later in life. In addition,\u00a0<\/span>contact irritancy induced by insecticide exposure delays the start of blood-feeding, reduces bloodmeal duration and blood volume<\/span>. Finally,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>our age-dependent mathematical model suggests ITNs reduce the vectorial capacity of the malaria vector\u00a0<\/span>despite insecticide resistance. This underlines the<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>urgency of finding new standardized methods for insecticide resistance monitoring to improve our understanding of the consequence of resistance on malaria transmission and control.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

La vid\u00e9o ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : clarice.moulin@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; florence.droguet@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; ange.tchakounte@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 S\u00e9minaire 06\/01\/22 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par\u00a0 Yvon Sterckers<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/span>State of the arte of molecular and cellular biology to study the core cellular processes of the divergent eukaryote<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

In the last three decades, our group has been working on the genetics of Leishmania, a flagellated protozoan parasite responsible for a large spectrum of disease. We have been pioneers in the subject since 1989, by producing restriction maps of whole Leishmania chromosomes (Blaineau et al.Mol.Biochem. Parasitol. 1991); showing the plasticity of the subtelomeric chromosomal regions; establishing the first molecular karyotypes for12 Leishmania species (reviewed in Bastienet al. Parasitol today. 1992, and Ravel et al.1998); and by establishing mosaic aneuploidy as a constitutive feature widespread in the Leishmania genus (Sterkers et al. Cell. Microbiol.2011, Sterkers et al. Mol.Microbiol.2012, Lachaud et al.Microbes Infect.2013 and reviewed in sterkerset al. Trends Parasitol.2014) Working on divergent eukaryotes often need to coin and to adapt technics to the specificity of these models, in that sense, we have implemented FISH, ChiP-seq, DNA Combing, CRISPR-Cas9 and inducible CRISPR-Cas9-diCRE systems in Leishmania (Sterkers et al.Cell. Microbiol.2011, Garcia-Silva et al. EMBO rep 2017, Stanojcic et al. Sci Rep 2016, Sollelis et al.Cell. Microbiol.2015, Yagoubat et al.Cell. Microbiol.2020, respectively). The presentation will cover our latest findings on the cell cycle, i.e., DNA replication and chromosome segragation, as well as proliferation in sand flies and pathogenicity in mice ( Corrales et al. PLoS Pathogens 2021) , with a focus on technological developments.<\/p>\n

\n

La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t\u00a0 ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC :\u00a0 ; florence.droguet@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; ange.tchakounte@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 S\u00e9minaire 16\/12\/21 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par\u00a0 C\u00e9lia Dechavanne<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/span>Immunit\u00e9 de l’enfant face au paludisme – Impact de l’infection maternelle \u00e0 Plasmodium falciparum <\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Les enfants n\u00e9s de m\u00e8res infect\u00e9es par\u00a0Plasmodium falciparum<\/em>\u00a0pendant leur grossesse sont plus susceptibles de d\u00e9velopper des infections pendant leur enfance. Mes travaux de recherche visent \u00e0 comprendre pourquoi et comment la r\u00e9ponse immunitaire de ces enfants se met en place. Pour ce faire, plusieurs \u00e9tudes sont conduites en cherchant \u00e0 d\u00e9cortiquer chaque \u00e9tape de la vie du jeune enfant, \u00e0 savoir:<\/p>\n

– \u00e0 la naissance o\u00f9 le r\u00f4le des anticorps maternels transmis \u00e0 l’enfant est \u00e9tudi\u00e9;<\/p>\n

– entre 0 et 6 mois: o\u00f9 la mise en place des r\u00e9ponses cellulaire et anticorps propre \u00e0 l’enfant est \u00e9valu\u00e9e;<\/p>\n

– et apr\u00e8s 6 mois de vie, lorsque l’effet des anticorps maternels n’est plus majoritaire, les r\u00e9ponses anticorps et cellulaire de l’enfant sont \u00e9tudi\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

Ces diff\u00e9rentes th\u00e9matiques visent d’une part \u00e0 comprendre les m\u00e9canismes immunitaires responsable de cette plus grande susceptibilit\u00e9 aux infections et d’autre part \u00e0 contribuer \u00e0 la mise en place d’outils de diagnostic et vaccinal.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

La vid\u00e9o\u00a0 ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : clarice.moulin@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; florence.droguet@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; ange.tchakounte@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 S\u00e9minaire 09\/12\/21 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par\u00a0 Mathieu Cayla<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/span>Signalling pathways regulating cellular differentiotion and survival in kinetoplastid parasites\u00a0 <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>How do kinetoplastid parasites signal and regulate differentiation processes to adapt to the different hosts they encounter? This question has been at the centre of the research I have participated in during my career. Here I present an overview of the results we have obtained and introduce the project I intend to develop as an independent researcher.<\/span><\/p>\n


\u00a0I did my PhD at the Pasteur Institute, under the direction of Dr. Gerald Sp\u00e4th, where I focussed on the functional characterisation of the Leishmania MAP kinase 10 (MPK10), during promastigote to amastigote differentiation. Using a combination of genetic approaches such as plasmid-shuffle, over-expression, knock-out with biochemistry approaches such as 2D-DIGE, phosphoproteomics and kinase- and FACS-based assays, we revealed unique regulatory mechanisms of the kinase. We proposed MPK10 acts as a unique parasite signal sensor of the mammalian host environment. MPK10 is present in a pre-active conformation that is auto-inhibited by its C-terminal domain in the promastigote stage. During the differentiation to amastigotes, the inhibition is lifted by dynamic (de-)phosphorylation rendering the kinase active and, thus enabling the differentiation from promastigote to amastigote.<\/span>

\u00a0I then joined the unit of Keith Matthews in Edinburgh with a Marie Curie Fellowship to conduct a study on the involvement of a DYRK kinase (TbDYRK) in the quorum-sensing response of Trypanosoma brucei. We performed a comprehensive analysis of its expression, activity, function, kinase targets and interactions with functional follow-up. This pipeline enabled us to identify key residues for the kinase regulation and residues evolutionarily divergent for the function of TbDYRK, compared to the ones classically found in this kinase family in other organisms. By performing complementary phosphoproteomic analysis followed by genetic screens, we also identified the molecular pathways in which TbDYRK is implicated. We revealed that TbDYRK inhibits \u2018slender retainer\u2019 proteins, such as the negative regulator of transcription NOT5, and activates \u2018stumpy promoter\u2019 molecules, such as the zinc finger ZC3H20 protein, by phosphorylation, to drive the quorum-sensing differentiation.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

We are currently investigating the regulation by phosphorylation and the role of stress granules (SGs) for T. brucei quorum-sensing differentiation. The formation of stress granules occurs through liquid-liquid phase separation of the proteins, that is facilitated by the presence of low complexity regions (LCRs). Hence, during the lockdown imposed by the current COVID outbreak I initiated and led a bioinformatic project, aiming to identify LCRs in the proteome of T. brucei. We were able to determine an enrichment of LCRs in\u00a0 the extremities of proteins and particularly on the C-terminal regions for proteins involved in nucleic acid binding. We then linked the regulation of these regions to post-translational modifications and observed that phosphorylations are strongly enriched in LCRs. Finally, by endogenously tagging components of SGs we are observing that the formation of SGs is linked to quorum-sensing dependent differentiation in T. brucei.<\/span>

The quorum-sensing response of T. brucei occurs through the sensing of oligopeptides generated by the paracrine secretion of peptidases in the extracellular environment by the parasite. I am hypothesising that the secretion of such enzymes occurs through the ER-independent lysosome exocytosis pathway. This pathway remains poorly understood in eukaryotes and depends on the autophagy machinery. In the project I would like to develop, I aim to disentangle processes underpinning the regulation of autophagy and lysosome exocytosis in T. brucei to control their cellular differentiation and host adaptation. I have obtained preliminary results confirming the tight regulation of autophagy and lysosomal exocytosis during the quorum-sensing-dependant differentiation of mammalian-infective T. brucei. Therefore, by demonstrating how phosphorylation controls autophagy, exocytosis and differentiation, this project will significantly enhance our understanding of how trypanosome parasites adapt to and persist in vivo. Not only will this improve the understanding of this important group of parasites but, where core components are conserved, this project will also provide key information for other eukaryotes<\/span><\/p>\n

La vid\u00e9o\u00a0 ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : clarice.moulin@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; florence.droguet@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; ange.tchakounte@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0S\u00e9minaire 25\/11\/21 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par\u00a0 Alexander KLIMOVICH, <\/strong>est Fascin\u00e9 par l’\u00e9volution de la complexit\u00e9 animale, il travaille au\u00a0Zoological Institute and Museum<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0du Max plank institute \u00e0 l’universit\u00e9 de Kiel en Allemagne. Ses contributions \u00e0 la biologie du d\u00e9veloppement \u00e9volutif incluent la premi\u00e8re d\u00e9monstration de la formation de tumeurs chez les m\u00e9tazoaires basaux, la d\u00e9couverte que la non-s\u00e9nescence d’Hydra est inh\u00e9rente \u00e0 sa structure d’enveloppe nucl\u00e9aire robuste et la recherche de l’origine des neurones du stimulateur cardiaque. Ses recherches actuelles portent sur l’\u00e9volution du syst\u00e8me nerveux et le r\u00f4le des g\u00e8nes taxonomiquement restreints dans l’\u00e9mergence des types cellulaires et les adaptations.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/span>Evolution de la tumorigenesis chez les hydres brunes <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Alexander et ses collaborateurs ont \u00e9tudi\u00e9s les m\u00e9canismes cellulaires et mol\u00e9culaires qui conduisent \u00e0 la tumorigen\u00e8se chez le polype d’eau douce Hydra oligactis. actuellement, l’hypoth\u00e8se retenue est celle de relations causales entre le microbiote alt\u00e9r\u00e9 associ\u00e9 et l’excroissance tissulaire chez Hydra. Ces r\u00e9sultats peuvent fournir des informations approfondies sue le r\u00f4le du microbiote, ainsi que d’autres facteurs environnementaux, dans le maintien de l’hom\u00e9ostasie tissulaire normale via un ajustement appropri\u00e9 de l’activit\u00e9 des cellules souches.
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Bient\u00f4t la\u00a0 vid\u00e9o\u00a0 ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : clarice.moulin@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; florence.droguet@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; ange.tchakounte@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0S\u00e9minaire 18\/11\/21 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par\u00a0 Denis Bourguet et Thomas Guillemaud chercheurs INRAE.\u00a0 Ils ont co-fond\u00e9 Peer Community In en 2017 avec Benoit Facon.<\/span>
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<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/span>Peer Community In : A free alternative to evaluate, validate (and publish?) prepints <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

The Peer Community In (PCI,https:\/\/peercommunityin.org<\/a><\/span>) project offers an alternative to the current system of publication – which is particularly expensive and not transparent. PCI is a non-profit scientific organization building communities of researchers handling the evaluation (through peer-review) and recommendiation of preprints in their scientific field. Each PCI is a group of several hundred recommenders playing the role of editors who recommend preprints based on peer-reviews to make them complete, reliable and citable articles, without the need for publication in \u2018traditional\u2019 journals (although the authors can submit their recommended preprints afterwards). Evaluations and recommendations by a PCI are free of charge. When a recommender decides to recommend a preprint, they write a recommendation text that is published along with all the editorial correspondence (reviews, recommender’s decisions, authors\u2019 replies) on the PCI website. The preprint itself is not published by PCI: it remains on the preprint server where it has been posted by the authors and can therefore be submitted to a journal or published in the all new \u00ab\u00a0Peer Community Journal\u00a0\u00bb, an open access diamond journal launched this fall.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>The first Peer Community In was started in 2017: Peer Community in Evolutionary Biology (PCI Evol<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Biol) and there are now 13 functioning PCIs, including PCI Infections, PCI Ecology and PCI Zoology. More than 1200\u00a0<\/span><\/span>scientists from around the world have already joined as PCI recommanders. The PCI initiative won\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the 2020 LIBER award for library innovation of the European League of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Research Libraries.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La\u00a0 vid\u00e9o\u00a0 ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : clarice.moulin@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; florence.droguet@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; ange.tchakounte@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0S\u00e9minaire 21\/10\/21 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0 par\u00a0 Olivier Dangles directeur de recherche en \u00c9cologie et Directeur adjoint d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9 \u00e0 la science de l’IRD
<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

Science de la durabilit\u00e9 : quels d\u00e9fis pour les recherches en sant\u00e9 ?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Officiellement apparue comme un domaine de recherche \u00e0 part enti\u00e8re au d\u00e9but du 21\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, la science de la durabilit\u00e9 s’int\u00e9resse aux interconnexions complexes entre les syst\u00e8mes naturels, sociaux et techniques, et \u00e0 la mani\u00e8re dont ces interactions affectent, dans le temps et l’espace, les syst\u00e8mes de maintien de la vie sur la\u00a0 plan\u00e8te et le bien-\u00eatre humain. In fine cette science ambitionne de proposer des solutions durables aux grands d\u00e9fis mondiaux, ce qui n\u00e9cessite le plus souvent des approches co-construites et multi-acteurs. Cette science aux interfaces disciplinaires est d\u00e9sormais omnipr\u00e9sente dans l’\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me du chercheur: les plus grands journaux scientifiques comme Nature, Science ou PNAS lui donnent une place croissante, de nouvelles revues d\u00e9di\u00e9es \u00e0 ces approches voient le jour, les universit\u00e9s cr\u00e9ent des centres interdisciplinaires et adaptent leurs cursus de formation, les appels \u00e0 projets des programmes internationaux incorporent les mots cl\u00e9s m\u00e9thodologiques li\u00e9s \u00e0 la \u00ab\u00a0durabilit\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb. Dans ce contexte tr\u00e8s dynamique, quelles sont les d\u00e9fis pour les sciences de la sant\u00e9 ?\u00a0 <\/span>
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Bient\u00f4t la\u00a0 vid\u00e9o\u00a0 ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : clarice.moulin@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; florence.droguet@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; ange.tchakounte@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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S\u00e9minaire 07\/10\/21 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par\u00a0 Michelle Evans
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<\/strong><\/p>\n

An integrative approach to mapping mosquitoes in cities<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mosquito-borne diseases pose an increasing threat around the world, particularly in urban centers. However, the burden of disease in cities is not evenly or randomly distributed, and is a result of spatial patterns in socio-ecological drivers of mosquito-borne disease. Understanding the drivers of spatial patterns of mosquito-borne disease in cities allows us to identify potential hotspots of disease, and target these hotspots for vector control and other public health interventions. In this seminar, I will present two projects that aim to better understand the spatial pattern of disease in cities by focusing on interactions between the mosquito vector, the human host, and the pathogen. The first project explores carry-over effects on vector competence and transmission potential resulting from variation in larval microclimate across an urban gradient. The second project introduces a mixed methods approach that integrates semi-structured interviews and entomological surveys to explore drivers of human exposure to mosquitoes. Together, this work suggests that mosquito-borne disease risk in cities is not adequately explained by simple \u00ab\u00a0count\u00a0\u00bb data, and we should consider mosquito ecology and social systems in our exploration of urban hotspots of disease.<\/span><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o\u00a0 ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : clarice.moulin@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; florence.droguet@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; ange.tchakounte@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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S\u00e9minaire 30\/09\/21 \u00e0 15h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par Benjamin Roche et David Roiz
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The international lab ELDORADO: (E)cosystem,bio(L)ogical(D)iversity, habitat m(O)difications, and (R)isk of emerging P(A)thogens and (D)iseases in Mexic(O). How ti link biodiversity and emerging diseases? <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Health and human well-being are recognized by the United Nations as a fundamental right. However, it is increasingly recognized that growing pressures on our environment threaten the current and future health of humans through a gradual degradation of health-benefiting ecosystem services that can contribute to human well-being. To this extent, deforestation may result in the loss of ecosystem and biodiversity services such as carbon sinks, leading to increased climate change risk, and major changes in animal communities that may have implications for an increase of Emerging Infectious Diseases (EIDs) transmission potential greatly impacting vulnerable populations. Today, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 23% of global deaths are related to unhealthy environments.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Despite these critical links, health, environment, social sciences and economic scientific communities have typically worked in isolated silos, with little coordination. Moreover, the demonstrated link between reduction of vertebrate biodiversity and transmission increase of zoonotic pathogens clearly calls for investigating the possibility to use biodiversity conservation strategies as a public health opportunity. However, to be resilient and sustainable, such win-win strategy has also to consider that natural resources consumption is strongly linked with local economic growth, which is also reciprocally impacted by exposure to zoonotic pathogens. Understanding this whole complex system could allow designing intriguing and innovative strategies respecting population health, economic development and biodiversity conservation.<\/p>\n

To this extent, Mexico has an extraordinarily important role to play. This emerging economy clearly suffers from ecosystem alteration (as agriculture, urbanisation and deforestation) and pathogen spreading (H1N1 flu pandemics, Zika, dengue and many others). Nevertheless, this country has the capacity and willingness to implement scientifically-based solutions on the field thanks to much respected institutions such as the federal university (UNAM) and the public health agency (INSP). Moreover, his example can disseminate throughout the whole region, and especially to the countries with the highest poverty rates (such as Guatemala and Haiti).<\/p>\n

The proposed international laboratory (LMI) ELDORADO, which is based in Mexico and M\u00e9rida City and working in the Yucatan peninsula, aims gathering a multidisciplinary and international group of scientists proposing a novel and integrated research strategy to address this lack through four main objectives: (i) improving our knowledge on the relationship between ecosystem alteration, human behavior and risk of emerging zoonotic infections, (ii) providing scientifically-based and integrative strategies for public health and environmental authorities combining human health, biodiversity conservation and economic growth through a format of sustainable development toolkit, (iii) setting up a strong regional capacity building strategy to make Mexico a regional and world leader on these issues through the collaboration with the IRD and (iv) initiating the creation of a new center on the UNAM campus in Merida focusing on fundamental and translational research of sustainable sciences. Here, we will present the advances and perspectives of this international lab together with other synergic projects.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o\u00a0 ici<\/a> !<\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : clarice.moulin@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; florence.droguet@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; ange.tchakounte@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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S\u00e9minaire 16\/09\/21 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par Julien Pompon
<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dengue virus infection modifies mosquito blood-feeding behavior to increase transmission<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mosquito blood-feeding behavior is a key determinant of the epidemiology of dengue virsuses (DENV), the most prevalent mosquito-borne viruses. However, despite its importance, the influence of DENV infection on mosquito blood-feeding behavior and how this alters transmission capacity remain unclear. Here, were developed a high-resolution video-based assays to generate high-throughput unbiased statistically-analyzable behavioral data of Aedes aegypti<\/em> mosquito blood-feeding on mice. We then applied multivariate analysis to ordinate behavioral parameters into complex behaviors. We showed that DENV infection increased mosquito attraction to jost and hondered biting efficiency, the latter resulting in infected mosquitoes biting more ti reach similar blood repletion as uninfected mosquitoes. To test how the alteration on biting behavior influences transmission, we established an in vivo<\/em> transmission model with immuno-competent mice and demonstrated that successive bites within a short period of time all resulted in transmission. Finally, we integrated the behavioral data within a mathematical model to determine how DENV-induced alterations in host-seeking and biting influence epidemiology. We calculated nearly a doubling of the number of infected hosts per infected modulates mosquiti blood-feeding beahvior to increase vector capacity, proportionally aggraving DENV epidemilogy. The influence of DENV infatcion on mosquito will inform epidemiological modeling to tailor interventions.\u00a0
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La vid\u00e9o\u00a0 accessible ici<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : clarice.moulin@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; florence.droguet@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; ange.tchakounte@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ vertical_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

S\u00e9minaire 09\/09\/21 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par Chiara Vanalli
<\/strong><\/p>\n

Disentangling the triangle of host-parasite-environment: The impacts of climate change on infections<\/span><\/strong><\/span> <\/span><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

The success of any parasitic infection requires the interaction of a susceptible host, a virulent pathogen, and an environment favorable for the disease development. The host, the pathogen and the environment form one interconnected triangular system, the so-called \u2018disease triangle\u2019. Climate change, i.e. a significant variation of abiotic environmental conditions due to increased atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gasses, could greatly alter the triangular equilibrium of infections. Direct and indirect climatic effects on the pathogens and their hosts have already been detected, such as shifts in spatial pathogen distribution and severity of disease outbreaks. Therefore, a deeper and comprehensive understanding of how climate change is going to impact present and future infections is fundamental to properly design and implement control strategies.<\/p>\n

Here, I present studies on two independent study systems, a fungal pathogen of peaches in France and two gastrointestinal helminths of European rabbits in the UK, and examine the impacts of climate change using the respective \u2018disease triangle\u2019 approach. For both study systems, i) we assessed the climatic dependency of each parasite species using available laboratory experiments, performed under controlled climatic conditions; ii) we simulated the observed infection time-series in the field, implementing the estimated climatic functions; iii) we predicted future infection trends under the \u2018Business as usual\u2019 climate change scenario, the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5, which assumes no global effort in reducing future greenhouse gasses emissions.<\/p>\n

For the French peach production, we found that climate change is expected to shift towards north-west the suitable areas for peach cultivation and to decrease brown rot infection risk, due to future drier and warmer conditions. For the gastrointestinal parasites of rabbits in the UK, our findings show that responses to climatic conditions are parasite specific. Furthermore, the host properties, e.g. breeding phenology, presence of coinfections and immune regulation, can interact with the expected variations of the parasite dynamics due to climate change. Overall, climate change impacts cannot be generalized but often are site dependent and locally variable. My two studies stress the importance to consider the host-parasite-environment triangle when examining the factors that affect disease dynamics and forecasting future infection outbreaks and disease spread.<\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t accessible !!<\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : clarice.moulin@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; florence.droguet@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; ange.tchakounte@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0S\u00e9minaire 02\/09\/21 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par Antoine Claessens
<\/strong><\/p>\n

How does Plasmodium falciparum establish a chronic asymptomatic infection ?<\/b><\/span> <\/span><\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

The vast majority of all Plasmodium falciparum infections worldwide are asymptomatic and can persist for months. The malaria parasite would evade the host immune system thanks to antigenic variation, the recurrent change of VAR\/PfEMP1 antigens at the surface of the infected red blood cell. We aim to test this hypothesis with human blood samples from a Controlled Human Malaria Infection study, and from a cohort of chronic infections in The Gambia. qRT-PCR results indicate a much faster var switching <\/span>rate than previous measured in vitro, while preliminary RNAseq data identify some var genes persisting over multiple months. We argue that asymptomatic infection is the parasite\u2019s best asset for survival but it can be exploited if studied as a new model for host\u2013pathogen\u2013vector interactions<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

La vid\u00e9o accessible ici<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : clarice.moulin@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; florence.droguet@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; ange.tchakounte@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0S\u00e9minaire 01\/07\/21 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par Mathilde Jaquet\u00a0<\/b>et\u00a0Thibaut Langlois<\/b>
<\/strong><\/p>\n

Identification des m\u00e9canismes impliqu\u00e9s dans la chronicit\u00e9 musculaire du virus Chikungunya<\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 : <\/strong>Pr\u00e9sentation Mathilde Jaquet<\/p>\n

Les modifications de notre environnement ont entra\u00een\u00e9 l\u2019\u00e9mergence ou la r\u00e9\u00e9mergence d\u2019agents pathog\u00e8nes pour l\u2019Homme comme le virus Chikungunya (CHIKV), un arbovirus de la famille des Togaviridae. Ce virus a provoqu\u00e9 r\u00e9cemment des \u00e9pid\u00e9mies majeures en Afrique, en Asie, dans l’oc\u00e9an Indien, dans les Cara\u00efbes et les Am\u00e9riques affectant des millions de personnes. L’adaptation du virus \u00e0 Aedes albopictus (moustique Tigre), qui se d\u00e9veloppe dans les r\u00e9gions temp\u00e9r\u00e9es, a conduit \u00e0 l\u2019apparition de plusieurs cas en Italie (d\u00e8s 2007) et dans le sud de la France depuis 2014 (Montpellier) et r\u00e9cemment (Ao\u00fbt 2017) dans le Var, laissant craindre des \u00e9pid\u00e9mies dans le sud de l\u2019Europe. Du fait de l\u2019expansion mondiale d\u2019Aedes albopictus, CHIKV pourrait \u00eatre responsable d\u2019une pand\u00e9mie.
La pathologie caus\u00e9e par le CHIKV (CHIKV disease, CHIKVD) peut pr\u00e9senter 2 phases: une phase aigu\u00eb comportant des sympt\u00f4mes peu sp\u00e9cifiques (fi\u00e8vre, myalgies, arthralgies, c\u00e9phal\u00e9es) et une phase chronique (atteintes musculo-squelettiques). Le pourcentage de patients qui progressent dans la phase chronique est important et varie de 40 \u00e0 80%. Dans les formes chroniques, les manifestations cliniques se maintiennent pendant plusieurs mois voire des ann\u00e9es sous forme d\u2019atteintes musculo-squelettiques importantes avec des p\u00e9riodes prolong\u00e9es d’invalidit\u00e9. Cette chronicit\u00e9 entra\u00eene des co\u00fbts importants du fait de la prise en charge des sympt\u00f4mes. L\u2019infection par le CHIKV constitue donc un probl\u00e8me majeur de sant\u00e9 publique qu\u2019il convient d\u2019investiguer plus en profondeur.
Des \u00e9tudes chez l\u2019homme et chez l\u2019animal ont permis de montrer que les muscles squelettiques (MS) \u00e9taient infect\u00e9s par le CHIKV et que les cellules musculaires \u00e9taient permissives au CHIKV. R\u00e9cemment, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 montr\u00e9 que l\u2019infection du MS par CHIKV \u00e9tait centrale au d\u00e9veloppement de la pathologie CHIKVD. Ces r\u00e9sultats montrent que le MS joue un r\u00f4le essentiel dans la pathog\u00e9nicit\u00e9 du CHIKV et pourrait servir de r\u00e9servoir viral. N\u00e9anmoins, les m\u00e9canismes impliqu\u00e9s dans l\u2019infection du MS et le d\u00e9veloppement de la chronicit\u00e9 sont mal identifi\u00e9s. Lors de mon stage, nous avons identifi\u00e9 certains de ces m\u00e9canismes.\u00a0D\u2019autre part, une diff\u00e9rence de permissivit\u00e9 des cellules musculaires a \u00e9t\u00e9 observ\u00e9e avec le virus de la Dengue (DENV), un autre arbovirus appartenant \u00e0 une autre famille virale (Flaviviridae). Nous avons donc \u00e9tudi\u00e9 la capacit\u00e9 des cellules musculaires \u00e0 servir de r\u00e9servoir \u00e0 d\u2019autres arbovirus de la famille du CHIKV (Togaviridae) comme le virus Mayaro (MAYV) ou \u00e0 d\u2019autres arbovirus \u00e9mergents, tel que virus Zika (ZIKV), appartenant \u00e0 une autre famille (Flaviviridae).<\/p>\n

\u00c9valuation du risque de maintien de la fi\u00e8vre aphteuse au sein de sa communaut\u00e9 d\u2019esp\u00e8ces h\u00f4tes sauvages, dans le Parc National de Hwange au Zimbabwe<\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :<\/strong> Pr\u00e9sentation Thibaut Langlois<\/p>\n

Le\u00a0risque de transmission d\u2019un pathog\u00e8ne entre ces diff\u00e9rents h\u00f4tes animaux d\u00e9pend de nombreux facteurs \u00e9cologiques et \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques. Il est alors n\u00e9cessaire de d\u00e9velopper des m\u00e9thodes qui permettent de synth\u00e9tiser l\u2019information pour \u00e9valuer de mani\u00e8re simple et efficace les taux de transmission, et ainsi pouvoir apporter des r\u00e9ponses concr\u00e8tes en terme de gestions des maladies aux interfaces faune\/b\u00e9tail. En adoptant une approche mod\u00e9lisatrice, nous avons ainsi cartographi\u00e9 le risque de\u00a0maintien du virus de la fi\u00e8vre aphteuse au sein de sa communaut\u00e9 d’h\u00f4tes sauvages, dans le Parc National de Hwange au Zimbabwe, en nous basant sur des m\u00e9thodes de collecte et d’analyse de donn\u00e9es, \u00e0 la fois non-invasives et peu co\u00fbteuse.<\/p>\n

La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t accessible !!<\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : clarice.moulin@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; florence.droguet@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; ange.tchakounte@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0S\u00e9minaire 17\/06\/21 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par Margaux Lefebvre <\/b><\/strong>et C\u00f4me Morel<\/b>
<\/strong><\/p>\n

Adaptation de Plasmodium falciparum<\/em>, agent de la malaria, en Am\u00e9rique du Sud<\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 : <\/strong>Pr\u00e9sentation Margaux Lefebvre<\/p>\n

Nous avons examin\u00e9 l\u2019origine et l\u2019adaptation de\u00a0Plasmodium falciparum<\/em>, agent le plus virulent du paludisme chez l\u2019humain, en Am\u00e9rique du Sud. Selon les \u00e9tudes pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes,\u00a0P.falciparum<\/em>\u00a0aurait \u00e9t\u00e9 introduit en Am\u00e9rique du Sud \u00e0 partir de l\u2019Afrique au moment de la traite transatlantique qui s\u2019est \u00e9tal\u00e9e du XV\u00e8me au XIX\u00e8me si\u00e8cle. Au cours de son introduction,\u00a0P. falciparum<\/em>\u00a0a d\u00fb s\u2019adapter \u00e0 de nouvelles conditions environnementales, en particulier de nouvelles populations humaines mais aussi de nouvelles esp\u00e8ces de moustiques. Quels g\u00e8nes ont jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le dans cette adaptation ? Pour r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 cette question, nous avons analys\u00e9 des g\u00e9nomes nucl\u00e9aires provenant de 1 095 isolats, r\u00e9partis sur quatre continents (Afrique, Asie, Am\u00e9rique du Sud et Oc\u00e9anie). Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019analyse du polymorphisme sur l\u2019ensemble du g\u00e9nome, nous avons tout d\u2019abord analys\u00e9 la structuration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique du parasite en Am\u00e9rique et au niveau mondial. Nous avons ainsi pu confirmer que les populations sud-am\u00e9ricaines sont originaires d\u2019Afrique avec au moins deux introductions ind\u00e9pendantes. Nous avons par ailleurs cherch\u00e9 des traces de s\u00e9lection positive le long du g\u00e9nome des populations du Nouveau Monde en utilisant des statistiques telles que l\u2019iHS<\/em>,\u00a0XP-EHH<\/em>\u00a0et le\u00a0FST<\/em>. Nous avons d\u00e9tect\u00e9 des signaux de s\u00e9lection positive \u00e0 diff\u00e9rents endroits du g\u00e9nome, sur des g\u00e8nes aussi bien exprim\u00e9s par des stades du parasite se d\u00e9veloppant chez l\u2019humain que chez le moustique. Parmi ces g\u00e8nes, plusieurs jouent des r\u00f4les dans l\u2019interaction avec les cellules h\u00f4tes ou sont impliqu\u00e9s dans l\u2019\u00e9vitement de la r\u00e9ponse immunitaire des h\u00f4tes. Nos r\u00e9sultats portent aussi sur des g\u00e8nes de r\u00e9sistance au traitement contre la malaria. Nous discutons des limites des m\u00e9thodes que nous avons utilis\u00e9es pour d\u00e9tecter les \u00e9v\u00e8nements de s\u00e9lection positive.<\/p>\n

Impact de la pr\u00e9f\u00e9rence d’usage en codon d’un g\u00e8ne h\u00e9t\u00e9rologue sur le transcriptome, le prot\u00e9ome et l’efficacit\u00e9 de traduction<\/h2>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :<\/strong> Pr\u00e9sentation C\u00f4me Morel<\/p>\n

Il existe dans la nature une pr\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour certains codons synonymes qui va varier entre les esp\u00e8ces et entre les g\u00e8nes au sein des g\u00e9nomes. Cette pr\u00e9f\u00e9rence, appel\u00e9e biais d\u2019usage des codons, est connue pour impacter l\u2019expression g\u00e9nique et le fonctionnement cellulaire. L\u2019alt\u00e9ration de l\u2019usage des codons d\u2019un g\u00e8ne peut amener \u00e0 l\u2019alt\u00e9ration de son propre niveau d\u2019expression mais \u00e9galement aux niveaux d\u2019expressions des autres g\u00e8nes qui partagent la m\u00eame machinerie de traduction. Bon nombre d\u2019\u00e9tudes se sont ainsi int\u00e9ress\u00e9es aux effets du biais d\u2019usage en codons aux niveaux mol\u00e9culaires et cellulaires chez des organismes procaryotes, mais moins se sont attard\u00e9es sur ce qu\u2019il se passait de mani\u00e8re globale chez l\u2019humain. Dans cette \u00e9tude nous nous sommes int\u00e9ress\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019impact de la pr\u00e9f\u00e9rence d\u2019usage des codons de g\u00e8nes h\u00e9t\u00e9rologues sur le transcriptome, le prot\u00e9ome ainsi que sur l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 de la traduction chez des cellules humaines gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des donn\u00e9es obtenues par une manipulation d\u2019\u00e9volution exp\u00e9rimentale. Nous avons pu montrer que le facteur temporel semblait avoir le plus d\u2019impact sur l\u2019expression des g\u00e8nes de l\u2019h\u00f4te (plus que la version synonyme du g\u00e8ne h\u00e9t\u00e9rologue ins\u00e9r\u00e9 ou que le r\u00e9gime de s\u00e9lection dans lesquels les cellules ont \u00e9volu\u00e9) et que le changement dans l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 de traduction de certains codons semble covarier avec l\u2019expression des aminoacyl ARNt synth\u00e9tases, des prot\u00e9ines impliqu\u00e9es dans la charge des ARNt permettant la traduction.<\/p>\n

La vid\u00e9o\u00a0 ici<\/a><\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : clarice.moulin@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; florence.droguet@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; ange.tchakounte@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0S\u00e9minaire 10\/06\/21 \u00e0 11h30<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par\u00a0 Lola Estabes
<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Invasions biologiques et trasmission de maldies infectieuses : \u00e9tudes de l’intercation entre un mollusque d’eau douce (Austropeplea viridis)\u00a0 le parasite Fasciola hepatica<\/h2>\n

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R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

L’introduction d’une esp\u00e8ce dans un nouvel \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me peut avoir des cons\u00e9quences en terme de propagation ou de maintien de certaines maladies infectieuses.\u00a0La fasciolose une maladie caus\u00e9e par le parasite tr\u00e9matode Fasciola hepatica et est largement distribu\u00e9e dans le monde.\u00a0La distribution de la maladie est fortement corr\u00e9l\u00e9e \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sence d’h\u00f4te interm\u00e9diaire ;\u00a0principalement des mollusques d’eau douce de la famille des Lymnaeidae.\u00a0Une esp\u00e8ce de limn\u00e9e;\u00a0Austropeuplea viridis, a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9cemment (2017) d\u00e9crite en Espagne au niveau du Delta de l’Ebre.\u00a0Ainsi, l’objectif de l’\u00e9tude est de qualifier l’\u00e9ventuelle susceptibilit\u00e9 du mollusque face au parasite pr\u00e9sent sur le territoire et d’\u00e9valuer les impacts potentiels du parasite sur certains traits d’histoire de vie de son h\u00f4te (survie, croissance et f\u00e9condit\u00e9).\u00a0\u00a0Enfin des analyses g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 mises en place sur le parasite.<\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o accessible ici<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : clarice.moulin@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; florence.droguet@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; ange.tchakounte@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0S\u00e9minaire 03\/06\/21 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par\u00a0 Victor Lopez Del Amo\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

TCRISP gene-drive technologies for population engineering to fight vector-borne diseases<\/h2>\n

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R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

CRISPR gene-drive systems have tremendous potential for wild population engineering due to their ability to self-propagate, biasing inheritance from Mendelian (50%) to super-Mendelian (>50%). This allows for the spread of beneficial traits (e.g., anti-malaria effector genes) into a community and offers a promising genetic population-engineering tool for combating vector-borne diseases, managing crop pests and supporting island conservation efforts.<\/p>\n

While the scientific community welcomes these technologies for their enormous potential of fighting significant global issues, it also acknowledges the lack of gene drive strategies that could increase safety during optimization phases in the laboratory. Here, I will describe two new methods that I developed using Drosophila melanogaster.<\/p>\n

First, I described the first gene-drive system controlled by an engineered Cas9 and a synthetic, orally available small molecule in Drosophila. This approach allows for fine-tuning the inheritance probability (50%-100%) of the gene-drive element providing an additional layer of safety for gene-drive containment.<\/p>\n

Second, I developed a novel trans-complementing gene drive system where Cas9 and gRNA elements are placed in two different transgenic lines that exhibit the same properties of a full gene drive when only combined by a genetic cross.<\/p>\n

Lastly, I will discuss other concerns around CRISPR gene drive applications while providing new solutions towards next-generation gene drive development in Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes.<\/p>\n

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La vid\u00e9o bient\u00f4t accessible !!<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : clarice.moulin@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; florence.droguet@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; ange.tchakounte@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0S\u00e9minaire 27\/05\/21 \u00e0 11h00<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par Andres Garchitorena\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

The Ecology of health care delivery: insignts for local disease control<\/h2>\n

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R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

Health care delivery systems remain the central platform for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of most diseases. Yet they are complex systems; their ability to reach populations depends on an array of linear and non-linear effects of geography, climate, poverty and health system factors that are still poorly studied. As a result, half of the world\u2019s population still lacks access to essential health services despite an ever increasing knowledge on the main causes of morbidity (e.g. infectious diseases) and the solutions to address them. To optimise local disease control, systems-based approaches akin to those used in disease ecology need be adapted to the study of health systems.<\/p>\n

I will present my work in Madagascar with the NGO PIVOT, where we combine patient geographic data from a whole district health system (community health workers, health centers, and hospital), a representative longitudinal cohort of 8,000 people, and a variety of environmental information to identify drivers of the spatio-temporal dynamics of health care access in rural Madagascar. Besides providing insights into the best ways to deliver health interventions, we use this systems-based approach to improve the study of infectious disease transmission at the local level with the ultimate goal of optimising disease control through rapid feedbacks between research and implementation.<\/p>\n

More generally, we show how a model system in global health \u2013 based on dynamic integration of data at multiple levels of the health system and its surrounding environment \u2013 combined with research methods rooted in disease ecology can address fundamental questions on some of the most challenging global health issues.<\/p>\n

Acc\u00e9dez \u00e0 la vid\u00e9o ici <\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : clarice.moulin@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; florence.droguet@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; ange.tchakounte@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0PhDays: 6 & 7 Mai par et pour les doctorants des UMR MIVEGEC, DIADE et PHIM<\/strong><\/strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Site de l\u2019\u00e9v\u00e8nement \/ Website :\u00a0https:\/\/pazuqs2j45wdvespdzp2sa-on.drv.tw\/PhDays_2021_website\/fr\/accueil.html<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Mail de l’\u00e9v\u00e8nement :\u00a0phddays2021@gmail.com<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/p>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cette \u00e9dition est organis\u00e9e par les doctorants de premi\u00e8re ann\u00e9e\u00a0des\u00a0UMR MIVEGEC, DIADE, et PHIM. <\/strong>Chaque doctorant de ces UMRs est invit\u00e9 \u00e0 r\u00e9aliser une pr\u00e9sentation autour de sa th\u00e8se (sujet, r\u00e9sultats, …).<\/p>\n

Toute personne est la bienvenue dans le public (lien visio \u00e0 venir) <\/p>\n

L’objectif des\u00a0PhDays<\/span>\u00a0est de\u00a0promouvoir la richesse des travaux effectu\u00e9s dans nos diverses unit\u00e9s<\/em>, et de permettre aux doctorants d\u2019avoir une premi\u00e8re exp\u00e9rience de pr\u00e9sentation dans des conditions agr\u00e9ables. Qui sait, des\u00a0cadeaux\u00a0seront peut-\u00eatre \u00e0 gagner pour les plus convaincants, les plus belles pr\u00e9sentations, les orateurs les plus originaux \u2026<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The\u00a0Ph’Days\u00a02021 organization comitee :<\/p>\n

Ludivine GUIGARD\u00a0ludivine.guigard@ird.fr<\/a><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0PHIM
Clarice MOULIN\u00a0clarice.moulin@ird.fr<\/a><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0MIVEGEC
Ines OUEDRAOGO\u00a0ines.ouedraogo@ird.fr<\/a><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0DIADE
Basak UYSAL\u00a0basak.uysal@ird.fr<\/a><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0MIVEGEC<\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : clarice.moulin@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; florence.droguet@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; ange.tchakounte@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0S\u00e9minaire 29\/04\/21<\/strong> \u00e0 11h00<\/strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n

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Serge Morand <\/strong>, actuellement directeur de recherche au CNRS (ISEM) et chercheur associ\u00e9 au CIRAD(ASTRE). Il est bas\u00e9 en Tha\u00eflande \u00e0 la facult\u00e9 de technologie v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire de l’universit\u00e9 Kasertsart, et il est \u00e9galement professeur invit\u00e9 \u00e0 l afacult\u00e9 de m\u00e9decine tropicale de l’universit\u00e9 Mahidolen , pr\u00e9sentera un s\u00e9minaire intitul\u00e9<\/p>\n

Ecologie de la transmission : articuler le local au global<\/h2>\n

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R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u2019augmentation des \u00e9mergences et des \u00e9pid\u00e9mies de maladies infectieuses affectant les humains, mais aussi les animaux domestiques ou la faune sauvage, interroge sur les d\u00e9terminants globaux et locaux \u00e0 l\u2019oeuvre. L\u2019augmentation quantifiable des ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes \u00e9pid\u00e9miques peut se mettre en relation \u00e0 la \u00ab Grande Acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration \u00bb des changements plan\u00e9taires globaux : mondialisation des \u00e9changes, intensification de l\u2019agriculture et de l\u2019\u00e9levage, perte de biodiversit\u00e9, modification des habitats, urbanisation, d\u00e9r\u00e8glement climatique. De cette premi\u00e8re analyse, il ressort que la mobilit\u00e9 est un facteur de globalisation des \u00e9pid\u00e9mies, mais que comprendre l\u2019\u00e9mergence n\u00e9cessite de reconna\u00eetre que l\u2019\u00e9volution et l\u2019histoire sont structurants du pr\u00e9sent.<\/p>\n

La transmission est cependant, et d\u2019abord, un processus local qui s\u2019ins\u00e8re dans des socio-\u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes dynamiques. Une douzaine d\u2019ann\u00e9es de travaux de terrain sur les liens entre biodiversit\u00e9 et sant\u00e9 dans les environnements changeants d\u2019Asie du Sud-Est vont servir d\u2019illustration d\u2019une \u00e9cologie de la transmission des agents infectieux s\u2019appuyant sur l\u2019engagement des communaut\u00e9s et de leurs administrations locales. De cette seconde analyse, on retiendra l\u2019importance d\u2019approches multidisciplinaires (des analyses mol\u00e9culaires aux analyses paysag\u00e8res en passant par la sociologie des acteurs) int\u00e9gr\u00e9es dans le r\u00e9seau d\u2019interaction des diff\u00e9rents porteurs d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eats (communaut\u00e9s, administrations, sant\u00e9 publique, sant\u00e9 animale, conservation, chercheurs) et de leurs relations \u00e0 l\u2019environnement (usage des terres, biodiversit\u00e9). On retiendra \u00e9galement la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de mettre en place des observatoires des dynamiques socio-environnementales et de la sant\u00e9.<\/p>\n

En conclusion, on soulignera (1) la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d\u2019articuler le global et le local dans la cadre de la gouvernance multi-\u00e9chelles de l\u2019environnement et de la sant\u00e9 (One Health \/ Planetary Health) et (2) d\u2019une meilleure description de la complexit\u00e9 de la transmission ; ceci, afin de mieux agir sur les causes des \u00e9mergences et des \u00e9pid\u00e9mies si on veut \u00e9viter d\u2019en traiter les cons\u00e9quences.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/a>Acc\u00e9dez \u00e0 la vid\u00e9o ici<\/a><\/p>\n

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*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : clarice.moulin@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; florence.droguet@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; ange.tchakounte@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0S\u00e9minaire 01\/04\/21<\/strong> \u00e0 11h00<\/strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n

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Diego SANTOS-GARCIA<\/strong>, actuellement en postdoc au LBBE \u00e0 Lyon, pr\u00e9sentera un s\u00e9minaire intitul\u00e9<\/p>\n

Did Coxiella-like endosymbionts evolve from a parasitic Coxiella?<\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

Coxiella burnetii<\/em>, a gamma proteobacterium of the order Legionellales, is the causative Q fever agent in humans. This illness is considered a zoonosis, and livestock is the primary host reservoir for human infections. Q fever ranges from an asymptomatic to flu-like condition. C. burnetii<\/em> is an intracellular bacterium but can persist for long periods in the environment as a resistant form. This form can be inhaled and infect different mammals, including humans. C. burnetii<\/em> has developed various mechanisms to invade and subvert its host cells. The most striking is the use of the phagolysosome, which has an acidic pH of 4.5, of the host cell to develop and grow.<\/p>\n

The first C. burnetii<\/em> strain was isolated from a tick. While these arthropods can harbor C. burnetii<\/em> they are not responsible for their transmission. Surprisingly, several C. burnetii<\/em> related intracellular bacteria have established mutualistic relationships with ticks. These Coxiella-like endosymbionts (LE) present high prevalence in some tick species where they are also vertically transmitted. Genome analysis of different Coxiella-LE suggests that they compensate ticks unbalanced diet (blood) producing B vitamins. Interestingly, experimental tests indicate that Coxiella<\/em>-LE can replicate neither in the host\u2019 phagolysosomes nor in the axenic acid medium developed for C. burnetii<\/em>.<\/p>\n

We obtained two new Coxiella<\/em>-LE genomes in this work, one of them placed in the same phylogenetic clade as C. burnetii.<\/em> To get further insights into Coxiella<\/em> evolutionary history, we compared all available Coxiella<\/em> genomes and their close relatives. Phylogenomics and genomic synteny analysis suggest that C. burnetii<\/em> and Coxiella<\/em>-LE derive from the same ancestor. This Coxiella<\/em> ancestor was probably a parasite able to survive on the lysosome and manipulate its host, an ability lost in all Coxiella<\/em>-LE. We hypothesize that acid and alkaline resistance mechanisms are essential to colonize the phagolysosome and survive in the external environment. Their loss has probably played an important role in taming Coxiella<\/em> into a mutualistic symbiont.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

*<\/strong> membres de Mivegec voir vos mails mivegec-tous<\/em> pour le lien et son mot de passe<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe des s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC : clarice.moulin@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; florence.droguet@ird.fr<\/a><\/span> ; ange.tchakounte@ird.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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Accueil<\/a><\/span><\/span>Les s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC (Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs : Ecologie, G\u00e9n\u00e9tique, Evolution et Contr\u00f4le) proposent un programme de conf\u00e9rences hebdomadaires ou toutes les deux semaines dans les th\u00e9matiques de l’unit\u00e9. Les s\u00e9minaires ont lieu le jeudi \u00e0 11h. Le comit\u00e9 d’organisation des s\u00e9minaires est compos\u00e9 de doctorants de 1\u00e8re ann\u00e9e et est renouvel\u00e9 chaque ann\u00e9e. Pour […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-654","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nS\u00e9minaires - MIVEGEC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mivegec.fr\/fr\/seminaires\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"S\u00e9minaires - MIVEGEC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Les s\u00e9minaires MIVEGEC (Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs : Ecologie, G\u00e9n\u00e9tique, Evolution et Contr\u00f4le) proposent un programme de conf\u00e9rences hebdomadaires ou toutes les deux semaines dans les th\u00e9matiques de l'unit\u00e9. Les s\u00e9minaires ont lieu le jeudi \u00e0 11h. Le comit\u00e9 d'organisation des s\u00e9minaires est compos\u00e9 de doctorants de 1\u00e8re ann\u00e9e et est renouvel\u00e9 chaque ann\u00e9e. 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